气候变化文化战争的下一步是什么?

Ed Atkins
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摘要

[导言摘录]这一视角详细说明了诸如煤气炉之类的物品和技术如何成为气候政策在更广泛的政治“文化战争”中定位的关键场所。在这一过程中,气候政策被赋予了新的含义,使各个群体相互对立。虽然对燃气灶的关注与公共健康有关,但批评者却将其视为气候行动的代表。福克斯新闻(Fox News)的一篇文章认为:“这些左翼分子根本不在乎美国人的日常生活……大声发号施令是他们最喜欢的室内活动。”如果完全控制能让他们在气候天堂中获得一个更神圣的位置,那就更好了。[2]虽然燃气灶的排放对实现国家减排并不一定重要,但任何潜在的监管都将改变国内的能源使用——因为这项技术在近40%的美国家庭中使用[3]。这一事件表明,那些反对气候行动的人所采用的叙事方式正在发生转变。政治人物不再主要对气候变化以及减缓和适应政策持怀疑态度,而是正在努力将气候行动与更广泛的关于经济、社会和身份的意识形态斗争联系起来。在这样的战斗中,新物品将成为气候变化文化战争中的关键“人工制品”——随着它们的出现或被淘汰,它们将被注入新的含义。这些问题必须得到进一步的理解,否则,未来的环境和气候政策可能会遭到强烈反对、两极分化和反对。
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What next for the climate change culture wars?
[Extract from Introduction] This perspective details how objects and technologies, like the gas stove, are becoming key sites where climate policy is located within broader politically-charged ‘culture wars’. Within this process, climate policies are inscribed with new meanings that position groups against one another. While concerns about gas stoves were linked to public health, they were presented by detractors as representative of climate action. One Fox News article argued that: “These Leftists don't give a damn about everyday Americans… Barking orders is their favorite indoor activity. And if total control buys them a holier spot in Climatarian Heaven, even better.” [2] Whilst gas stove emissions aren’t necessarily significant to fulfilling national emission reductions, any potential regulation will shift domestic energy use – due to the technology being used in close to 40% of US homes [3]. This episode illuminates an emergent shift in the narratives adopted by those opposing climate action. Rather than being primarily sceptical about climate change and mitigation and adaptation policies, political figures are working to link climate action to broader ideological battles about the economy, society, and identity. Within such battles, new objects will become key ‘artefacts’ in the climate change culture wars – becoming infused with new meanings as they emerge or are phased out. These must be understood further as failing to do so can open future environmental and climate policy to backlash, polarisation, and opposition.
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