论福山的新书《自由主义及其不满》:历史的终结是什么?

Salich Tzampaz
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摘要

在苏联解体后,弗朗西斯·福山和塞缪尔·亨廷顿提出了世界下一步走向的方法。福山一方面宣称苏联解体后美国自由主义的胜利,而亨廷顿则认为在新时期,冲突将在文化基础上继续。两部作品虽然看似对立,但都在这一过程中为美国政治奠定了基础。在他的新作《自由主义及其不满》中,福山没有像他以前的作品那样自信地说话。他没有把自由主义描绘成胜利,而是把它描绘成解放的解药,我们需要紧紧拥抱它。然而,他却矛盾地承认,尽管自由主义取得了胜利,微观层面的冲突仍将继续。他认为自由主义是当今世界的一剂良药,在这个世界上冲突仍在继续。然而,在当前的社会学条件下,治疗的应用似乎是不可能的。
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On Fukuyama’s New Book ‘Liberalism and its Discontents’: What About The End of History?
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union works of Francis Fukuyama and Samuel P. Huntington presented approaches on how the World will go next. On the one hand, Fukuyama announces the victory of American Liberalism following the the collapse of the Soviet Union while on the other hand Huntington says that conflicts will continue on a cultural basis in the new period. Although two works seem to be opposite, both of them have constructed the ground for the American politics in the process. In his new work ‘Liberalism and its Discontents’ Fukuyama does not speak as confidently as in his previous work. He does not present Liberalism victorious rather he presents it as a cure for Liberation that we need to hug it tight. Yet, he had admitted contradictorily that conflicts on micro level will continue notwithstanding the victory of Liberalism. He shows Liberalism as a cure for today’s world in which conflicts still continue. However, the application of the cure does not seem possible in current sociological conditions.
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