Re-assessing the Classic Frames: Intersection of Caste, Class and Gender in Neelakuyil

Neelakuyil, produced in 1954, is among the few Malayalam films that represent how caste category and gender norms affect the lives of the proletariat and upper-class women. The film retains its position as a classic and the foremost among works chosen to historicize Malayalam Cinema. This article argues that the symbiosis of patriarchal power, caste discrimination and economic disparities unveil a complex system of discrimination and manipulation of women’s lives. How Neelakuyil illustrates the impact of such a schema on the mindset of dominant selves and the way in which they have a bearing upon the subaltern lives are negotiated. I adopt a Dalit-feminist perspective within the conceptual framework of intersectionality by focusing on the manner in which the protagonist Neeli’s subjectivity is situated within the narrative discourse. I also attempt to examine the ideologies of ‘progressive thought’ and ‘paternal authority’ embodied in the characters Sankaran Nair and Sreedharan Nair and their ideological significance in relation to persistent caste dynamics.