Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Studies on Anti-urolithiatic Activity of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Root Extract

Plant-based drugs have long been used worldwide as traditional medicines for treating various ailments. This study evaluated the in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity of Sesbania grandiflora root extract. In addition, the phytochemical characterization of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Sesbania grandiflora root was also carried out. Phytochemicals such as tannin, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, polyphenol, glycoside and anthraquinone are present in both aqueous and ethanolic extract of Sesbania grandiflora root extract, while alkaloids were absent in aqueous extract and anthocyanins were absent in ethanolic extract. Of note, significant amounts of flavonoids, terpenoids and total phenol were found in Sesbania grandiflora root extract. Histochemical analysis further confirmed the presence of these phytochemicals. In vitro studies confirm that Sesbania grandiflora root extract exhibited a potent anti-urolithiatic activity.