Wide-Angle Scanning Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for mmWave Applications with High Gain

AbstractThis paper presents a modified rectangular microstrip patch antenna (MRMPA) array conforming to the hemisphere for wide-angle beam scanning. Two different conformal antenna array designs are presented in this work. The first of these designs, a 13-element MRMPA array conformal to the surface of a circular arc, and the second one, a 9-element array conformal to the surface of a hemisphere, are designed and optimized. The geometrical approach of calculating the phase value is used to calculate the phase value of each antenna. The simulated results show that the 13-element conformal MRMPA array is achieving a beam scanning angle of ±84° with a gain of 13.89 dBi with low side lobe levels, and further, the gain of the array is enhanced by a dielectric superstrate that improved the gain by ∼2 dBi at all the scanning angles. Second, an MRMPA array conformal to a hemisphere with nine elements is designed with beam scanning ability from φ = 0°−360° and θ = ±30° with a gain of 15.69 dBi, and further, the gain is enhanced by ∼3 dBi with the dielectric superstrate. Full-wave simulations have proven both designs to be accurate and aligned with theoretical calculations.KEYWORDS: Antenna arraysBeam scanningmmWaveScan lossSuperstrate ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe authors would like to thank IIIT Naya Raipur for providing support.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsAnil Kumar YerrolaAnil Kumar Yerrola, received BTech degree in electronics communication engineering from VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, T.S, and MTech degree in VLSI systems design from JNTUH, Hyderabad, Telangana, India in 2009 and 2013 respectively. Having 6 years of teaching experience currently he is working toward his PhD degree at Dr. SPM International Institute of Information Technology, Naya Raipur. His research interests include mm-wave antennas, beam forming networks and electromagnetic fields. Corresponding author. Email: anil@iiitnr.edu.inMaifuz AliMaifuz Ali was born in Sabalmara, West- Midna pure, India. He received PhD degree in electronics and electrical communication engineering from Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, in 2010. He received the Brain Korea Research Fellowship in 2010 and was a postdoctoral researcher at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea, until 2012. Since 2012, he has been a postdoctoral researcher at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan. He is a member of IEEE His main research interests include high-frequency diffraction theory, such as physical optics and geometrical theory of diffraction. His research also covers the design of reflector antennae, electromagnetic field sensors, wireless channel modeling, and antenna. Email: maifuzali@iiitnr.edu.inRavi Kumar AryaRavi Kumar Arya is a distinguished professor at Xiangshan Laboratory (XSL), Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology (ZICUST), Zhongshan, Guangdong, China. He obtained his PhD degree in electrical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University, USA under the supervision of Prof. RajMittra. He received hismaster's degree in RF and microwave engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, and a bachelor's degree from Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India. Before joining ZICUST, he worked for several years in academia and industry. He has published over 70 technical papers in highly-ranked journals and refereed conference proceedings, including 7 book chapters. His research interests include antenna design, computational electromagnetics, machine learning applications, and 3D modeling. Email: raviarya@gmail.comLakhindar MurmuLakhindar Murmu received the BTech degree from the Kalyani Government Engineering College,West Bengal University of Technology, West Bengal, India in 2009 and the ME degree from the Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India in 2011. He received the PhD degree in microwave engineering from Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, India. Murmu published several articles in journals and conference proceedings of international repute. In 2019, he joined the Dr Shyama Prasad Mukherjee International Institute of Information Technology, Naya Raipur, where he is an assistant professor. His current research interests include planar microstrip antennas multiband microstrip band-pass filter design, defected ground structure (DGS) for filter design. Email: lakhindar@iiitnr.edu.inAshwani KumarAshwani Kumar received his MTech in microwave electronics and PhD degrees in electronics in 2006 and 2014, respectively, from the Department of Electronic Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. He was with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A., for his post-doctoral research from2016 to 2017.He is an assistant professor at the School of Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. His current research interests include designing and developing microwave passive components such as microstrip filters, dielectric resonator-based filters, MIMOantennae,UWB antennae, and circularly polarized antennas using meta-material. He is a member of the IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society. He has published 73 Journal and Conference Technical on Filters and Antennas and he has and Two BookChapters. He has filed and published one Indian Patent. Email: ashwanikumar7@yahoo.com