回顾中的狐狸——通过斯瓦比亚汝拉狐狸牙齿饰品揭示人类与狐狸的关系

IF 2.3 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Quaternary Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI:10.3390/quat6030050
Flavia Venditti, Madison J. McCartin, Melanie-Larisa Ostermann, Nicholas J. Conard, Sibylle Wolf
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引用次数: 0

摘要

个人饰品在我们理解旧石器时代晚期人类文化和行为变化方面发挥着重要作用,为人类文化行为的无形方面提供了见解。一些装饰形式的研究相对较好,而狐牙装饰虽然出现频率高、时空跨度广,但研究相对较少。在这里,我们提出了从德国西南部四个洞穴遗址中恢复的40个穿孔狐狸牙齿的第一个综合研究。该地区丰富的象征记录,以及人类与狐狸长期关系的证据,使斯瓦本汝拉成为研究狐狸牙齿装饰品的理想案例。通过几何形态计量学和痕迹学结合实验考古学的整体方法,我们发现狐狸的牙齿主要是通过双面刮擦和沟槽穿孔,并作为装饰品佩戴。我们讨论了在斯瓦本汝拉旧石器时代晚期,狐狸在人类社会符号和古环境系统中的作用,并将我们的结果置于旧石器时代晚期欧洲各地遗址的更广泛背景下。我们提供的数据与整个大陆观察到的总体趋势一致,并提供了对旧石器时代晚期狐狸的作用的深入了解,特别是在人类生存,文化表达和装饰品生产方面。
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Foxes in Retrospect—Unraveling Human-Fox Relationships through Fox Tooth Ornaments in the Swabian Jura
Personal ornaments play an important role in our understanding of human cultural and behavioral change during the Upper Paleolithic, providing insights into intangible aspects of human cultural behavior. Some ornament forms are better studied than others, and fox tooth ornaments, despite their frequent occurrence and broad spatiotemporal span, are relatively under-addressed. Here we present the first comprehensive study of 40 perforated fox teeth recovered from four cave sites in southwestern Germany. This region’s rich record of symbolic representations, as well as evidence of long-standing human–fox relationships, make the Swabian Jura an ideal case study for investigations of fox tooth ornaments. By applying a holistic approach, including geometric morphometrics and traceology coupled with experimental archaeology, we show that fox teeth were mostly perforated by bifacial scraping and grooving and were worn as ornaments. We discuss the role of foxes within human socio-symbolic and paleoenvironmental systems during the Upper Paleolithic of the Swabian Jura, and we contextualize our results within the broader context of sites across Europe during the Upper Paleolithic. The data we provide are in line with general trends observed across the continent and offer insight into the role of foxes during the Upper Paleolithic, especially regarding human subsistence, cultural expression, and ornament production.
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来源期刊
Quaternary
Quaternary GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
4.30%
发文量
44
审稿时长
11 weeks
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