不同有机负荷和添加剂条件下生物垃圾发酵的微生物组动态和产物概况

IF 3.9 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Engineering in Life Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI:10.1002/elsc.202300216
Xinyu Zhu, Ping Li, Feng Ju
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物废料发酵是一种前景广阔的低碳印刷生物能源和生化生产技术。尽管人们认为微生物组决定了生物垃圾的发酵效率和产品特征,但微生物活动如何控制发酵过程的明确机制仍有待探索。本研究调查了不同有机负荷(5、20 和 40 g-VS/L)下生物垃圾发酵的微生物群动态和发酵产物特征,并加入了可能通过抑制甲烷生成(2-溴乙基磺酸盐)或促进电子传递(即还原铁、磁铁矿和活性炭)来调节发酵过程的添加剂。低、中、高负荷发酵的总体发酵产物产量分别为 440、373 和 208 CH4-eq/g-VS。在低和中负荷发酵中,挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)首先积累,然后逐渐转化为甲烷。在高负荷发酵中,挥发性脂肪酸是整个发酵期的主要发酵产物,占所有产物的 62%。基于 16S rRNA 的分析表明,添加 2-溴乙基磺酸盐和增加有机负荷都会抑制甲烷菌的活性,而促进不同的产生 VFA 的细菌微生物群的活性。此外,活性炭的添加促进了产 H2 的乳酸菌、产同乙酸的优杆菌科和产甲烷的甲烷菌科的活性,它们在发酵过程中的活性动态导致了醋酸盐和甲烷产量的变化。目前的研究结果揭示了影响生物垃圾发酵产物特征的微生物组活性动态机制,为开发微生物组引导的工程方法提供了基本依据,以调节生物垃圾发酵,实现高价值产品回收。
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Microbiome dynamics and products profiles of biowaste fermentation under different organic loads and additives

Biowaste fermentation is a promising technology for low-carbon print bioenergy and biochemical production. Although it is believed that the microbiome determines both the fermentation efficiency and the product profiles of biowastes, the explicit mechanisms of how microbial activity controls fermentation processes remained to be unexplored. The current study investigated the microbiome dynamics and fermentation product profiles of biowaste fermentation under different organic loads (5, 20, and 40 g-VS/L) and with additives that potentially modulate the fermentation process via methanogenesis inhibition (2-bromoethanesulfonate) or electron transfer promotion (i.e., reduced iron, magnetite iron, and activated carbon). The overall fermentation products yields were 440, 373 and 208 CH4-eq/g-VS for low-, medium- and high-load fermentation. For low- and medium-load fermentation, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were first accumulated and were gradually converted to methane. For high-load fermentation, VFAs were the main fermentation products during the entire fermentation period, accounting for 62% of all products. 16S rRNA-based analyses showed that both 2-bromoethanesulfonate addition and increase of organic loads inhibited the activity of methanogens and promoted the activity of distinct VFA-producing bacterial microbiomes. Moreover, the addition of activated carbon promoted the activity of H2-producing Bacteroides, homoacetogenic Eubacteriaceae and methanogenic Methanosarcinaceae, whose activity dynamics during the fermentation led to changes in acetate and methane production. The current results unveiled mechanisms of microbiome activity dynamics shaping the biowaste fermentation product profiles and provided the fundamental basis for the development of microbiome-guided engineering approaches to modulate biowaste fermentation toward high-value product recovery.

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来源期刊
Engineering in Life Sciences
Engineering in Life Sciences 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
3.70%
发文量
81
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Engineering in Life Sciences (ELS) focuses on engineering principles and innovations in life sciences and biotechnology. Life sciences and biotechnology covered in ELS encompass the use of biomolecules (e.g. proteins/enzymes), cells (microbial, plant and mammalian origins) and biomaterials for biosynthesis, biotransformation, cell-based treatment and bio-based solutions in industrial and pharmaceutical biotechnologies as well as in biomedicine. ELS especially aims to promote interdisciplinary collaborations among biologists, biotechnologists and engineers for quantitative understanding and holistic engineering (design-built-test) of biological parts and processes in the different application areas.
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