识别和应对医院环境中儿童、青年和家庭的创伤

Sara O’Curry, Eliane Young
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引用次数: 0

摘要

儿童和青少年可能因多种原因进入医院系统,包括诊断出长期、危及生命或危及生命的疾病、健康状况发生变化或因心理健康状况的医疗管理而入院。所有这些都可以被认为是潜在的创伤性压力源。对于父母和家庭来说,随后的医疗调查和治疗本身可能会给亲人带来创伤,通常伴随着高度的威胁感,低自我效能感和控制力,结果往往不确定。来到医院的儿童、年轻人和家庭都有各种各样的历史和经历,来自各行各业和各种文化背景,这可能会影响他们信任医护人员的能力,也会影响他们处理在这种环境中引发的感受。同样,医院工作人员在从事自己选择的职业时,也有一系列的经历,这些经历可能导致强烈的情绪反应,受到反复接触创伤事件的影响,以及因目睹儿童、年轻人和家庭的创伤而产生的间接创伤。除了直接与儿童、青年和家庭合作外,心理学家在儿科环境中的一个关键作用是帮助儿童和工作人员理解并应对他们所面临的挑战,从而帮助遏制这种焦虑,方法是分享心理学公式、合作、教学和促进制定政策和程序,使该系统能够预防、识别和有效应对创伤。
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Identifying and responding to trauma in children, young people and families in a hospital setting
Children and young people may enter a hospital system for a number of reasons including for a diagnosis of a long term, lifelimiting or life-threatening condition, a change in health status or a hospital admission for medical management of a mental health condition. All of which can be conceived of as potential traumatic stressors. For parents and families the subsequent medical investigations and treatments themselves can be traumatic to witness in a loved-one, often accompanied with a high sense of threat, and a low sense of self-efficacy and control, with outcomes often uncertain. Children, young people and families who come to the hospital come with a full range of histories and experiences, from all walks of life and all kinds of cultural backgrounds, that can impact on their ability to trust healthcare staff or to cope with the feelings evoked in this setting. Similarly, hospital staff come to their chosen careers with a range of experiences that can lead to intense emotional responses, are impacted by repeated exposure to traumatic events, and by vicarious trauma from witnessing the trauma of children, young people and families. As well as working directly with children, young people and families, a key role of the psychologist in the paediatric setting is to help contain this anxiety by helping them and staff make sense of and respond to the challenges they face, through sharing a psychological formulation, collaboration, teaching and contributing to the development of policies and procedures that enable the system to prevent, identify and respond effectively to trauma.
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