Alice J Cheng, Annie Malo, Marta Garbin, Beatriz P Monteiro, Paulo V Steagall
{"title":"猫科动物龇牙咧嘴量表在幼猫中的结构有效性、反应性和可靠性。","authors":"Alice J Cheng, Annie Malo, Marta Garbin, Beatriz P Monteiro, Paulo V Steagall","doi":"10.1177/1098612X231211765","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate the construct validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) in kittens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 36 healthy female kittens (aged 10 weeks to 6 months) were included in a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Video recordings of all kittens were made before and 1 and 2 h after ovariohysterectomy using an opioid-free injectable anesthetic protocol with or without multimodal analgesia. Additional recordings were taken before and 1 h after administration of rescue analgesia (buprenorphine 0.02 mg/kg IM) to painful kittens. Screenshots of facial images were collected from the video recordings for FGS scoring. Four observers blinded to treatment groups and time points scored 111 randomized images twice with a 5-week interval using the FGS. Five action units (AUs) were scored (ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers position and head position; 0-2 each). Construct validity, responsiveness, and inter- and intra-rater reliability were evaluated using linear models with Benjamini-Hochberg correction, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and single intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC<sub>single</sub>), respectively (<i>P</i> <0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FGS total ratio scores were higher at 1 and 2 h after ovariohysterectomy (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 0.30 [0.20-0.40] and 0.30 [0.20-0.40], respectively) than at baseline (median [IQR]: 0.10 [0.00-0.30]) (<i>P</i> <0.001). FGS total ratio scores were lower after the administration of rescue analgesia (median [IQR] before and after rescue analgesia) 0.40 [0.20-0.50] and 0.20 [0.10-0.38], respectively (<i>P</i> <0.001). Inter-rater ICC<sub>single</sub> was 0.68 for the FGS total ratio scores and 0.35-0.70 for all AUs considered individually. Intra-rater ICC<sub>single</sub> was 0.77-0.91 for the FGS total ratio scores and 0.55-1.00 for all AUs considered individually.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The FGS is a valid and responsive acute pain-scoring instrument with moderate inter-rater reliability and good to excellent intra-rater reliability in kittens.</p>","PeriodicalId":15851,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery","volume":"25 12","pages":"1098612X231211765"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10811766/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Construct validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in kittens.\",\"authors\":\"Alice J Cheng, Annie Malo, Marta Garbin, Beatriz P Monteiro, Paulo V Steagall\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/1098612X231211765\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate the construct validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) in kittens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 36 healthy female kittens (aged 10 weeks to 6 months) were included in a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Video recordings of all kittens were made before and 1 and 2 h after ovariohysterectomy using an opioid-free injectable anesthetic protocol with or without multimodal analgesia. Additional recordings were taken before and 1 h after administration of rescue analgesia (buprenorphine 0.02 mg/kg IM) to painful kittens. Screenshots of facial images were collected from the video recordings for FGS scoring. Four observers blinded to treatment groups and time points scored 111 randomized images twice with a 5-week interval using the FGS. Five action units (AUs) were scored (ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers position and head position; 0-2 each). Construct validity, responsiveness, and inter- and intra-rater reliability were evaluated using linear models with Benjamini-Hochberg correction, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and single intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC<sub>single</sub>), respectively (<i>P</i> <0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FGS total ratio scores were higher at 1 and 2 h after ovariohysterectomy (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 0.30 [0.20-0.40] and 0.30 [0.20-0.40], respectively) than at baseline (median [IQR]: 0.10 [0.00-0.30]) (<i>P</i> <0.001). FGS total ratio scores were lower after the administration of rescue analgesia (median [IQR] before and after rescue analgesia) 0.40 [0.20-0.50] and 0.20 [0.10-0.38], respectively (<i>P</i> <0.001). Inter-rater ICC<sub>single</sub> was 0.68 for the FGS total ratio scores and 0.35-0.70 for all AUs considered individually. 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Construct validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale in kittens.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the construct validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) in kittens.
Methods: A total of 36 healthy female kittens (aged 10 weeks to 6 months) were included in a prospective, randomized, blinded study. Video recordings of all kittens were made before and 1 and 2 h after ovariohysterectomy using an opioid-free injectable anesthetic protocol with or without multimodal analgesia. Additional recordings were taken before and 1 h after administration of rescue analgesia (buprenorphine 0.02 mg/kg IM) to painful kittens. Screenshots of facial images were collected from the video recordings for FGS scoring. Four observers blinded to treatment groups and time points scored 111 randomized images twice with a 5-week interval using the FGS. Five action units (AUs) were scored (ear position, orbital tightening, muzzle tension, whiskers position and head position; 0-2 each). Construct validity, responsiveness, and inter- and intra-rater reliability were evaluated using linear models with Benjamini-Hochberg correction, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and single intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCsingle), respectively (P <0.05).
Results: FGS total ratio scores were higher at 1 and 2 h after ovariohysterectomy (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 0.30 [0.20-0.40] and 0.30 [0.20-0.40], respectively) than at baseline (median [IQR]: 0.10 [0.00-0.30]) (P <0.001). FGS total ratio scores were lower after the administration of rescue analgesia (median [IQR] before and after rescue analgesia) 0.40 [0.20-0.50] and 0.20 [0.10-0.38], respectively (P <0.001). Inter-rater ICCsingle was 0.68 for the FGS total ratio scores and 0.35-0.70 for all AUs considered individually. Intra-rater ICCsingle was 0.77-0.91 for the FGS total ratio scores and 0.55-1.00 for all AUs considered individually.
Conclusions and relevance: The FGS is a valid and responsive acute pain-scoring instrument with moderate inter-rater reliability and good to excellent intra-rater reliability in kittens.
期刊介绍：
JFMS is an international, peer-reviewed journal aimed at both practitioners and researchers with an interest in the clinical veterinary healthcare of domestic cats. The journal is published monthly in two formats: ‘Classic’ editions containing high-quality original papers on all aspects of feline medicine and surgery, including basic research relevant to clinical practice; and dedicated ‘Clinical Practice’ editions primarily containing opinionated review articles providing state-of-the-art information for feline clinicians, along with other relevant articles such as consensus guidelines.
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