Optimization of extraction of total flavonoid from leafs of Helicteres hirsuta Lour. based on bath ultrasound-assisted and testing some biological activities

Helicteres hirsuta Lour. contains highly bioactive compounds that have therapeutic effects on many diseases, hence are used to make medicines from most parts of the plant. We optimize using the RSM surface response method based on Design Expert 11 software (Stat-Ease Inc, Minneapolis, USA) and analyze LC-MS/MS method and some other biochemical methods of methanol extraction from leaves of H. hirsuta L. collection Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. The results identified the ideal parameters for extracting the greatest total flavonoids from leaves of H. hirsuta L. as follows: Times (30 minutes); methanol solvent concentration (52.2407%); ultrasonic frequency (12.4253); and material/solvent ratio (1:19.9145 (w/v)). The total flavonoid value obtained was 7.78425 (mg Catechin/g extract). The actual experiment obtained an actual value of 7.538 (mg Catechin/g extract). The results obtained 22 compounds of a flavonoid nature (61.111%) appearing in the purified methanol fractional extract. These compounds can inhibit DPPH free radicals at 50% with an IC50 value of 521.498 g/mL and they also have inhibitory activity against the growth of cancer cell lines under study with IC50 values ranging from 104.02 to 188.48 g/mL. The best cytotoxic effect of methanol extract from leaves of H. hirsute L. on human leukemia cell line (HL-60) with IC50 was 104.02 μg/mL. The results obtained indicate that leaves of H. hirsute L. have prospective uses as therapeutic herbs in antioxidant and cancer cell-inhibiting properties.