Laboratory determination of spray characteristics using a full hollow cone nozzle at different heights and operating pressures

Reducing pesticide costs and environmental losses during spraying is considered an essential issue for obtaining the effectiveness of pest control. This study aimed to determine the spray characteristics using a full hollow cone nozzle at different spray conditions. Three spray heights, 25, 50, and 75cm, and three pressures, 2, 3, and 5 bar, were used. Nozzle flow rate, application rate, spray width, angle, and accumulated volume were measured. The results showed an effect on spray characteristics due to the change in spray conditions. The nozzle flow rate increased with the increase in pressure, where the average flow rate ranges between (0.34 to 0.58 l/min) between 2 and 5 bars, respectively. Results also illustrated an increase in height from 25 to 75 cm, and pressure from 2 to 5bar led to an increase in volume rate, spray width, angle, and accumulated volume (285.6 to 474.92), (50 to 100cm), (41 to 90º), and (37.75 to 198ml) respectively. Keywords: Operating Conditions; Patternator; Nozzle; Spray Indicators.