寒武纪早期棘皮动物新物种的胚芽-瘤分化与繁殖

IF 2.5 2区 地球科学 Q1 PALEONTOLOGY Palaeontology Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI:10.1111/pala.12687
Wei Liu, Zongjun Yin, Bing Pan, Bing Shen, Lin Dong, Guoxiang Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

作为一项重要的进化创新,多细胞性在真核生物的进化史中多次独立进化,为真核生物的多样性做出了巨大贡献。在追溯真核生物多细胞化的过程中,深部化石记录发挥着不可替代的作用。本文报告了早寒武世宽川铺生物群(535 Ma)中发现的一种新的棘皮动物 Concavaesphaera ornata gen.这些化石一般呈球形,直径从450到950微米不等,具有带复杂装饰的包膜。内部有两组大小不一的细胞。较大的细胞数量相对较少,每个细胞都位于沿包膜内壁分布的囊状空腔内。统计数据显示,在大细胞的发育过程中,直径和空腔体积呈正相关。小细胞数量众多,直径约为 15 μm,充满了整个标本内部。我们将大细胞解释为生殖细胞,将小细胞解释为体细胞。这些观察结果表明,Concavaesphaera进化出的多细胞复杂性与现代Volvox相当,具有胚芽-体细胞的分化和分离。现有证据表明,Concavaesphaera 和 Volvox 之间的相似性更可能是趋同进化的结果。因此,Concavaesphaera 可能代表了一种已灭绝的多细胞真核生物,它是在寒武纪大爆发期间进化而来的,很可能记录了真核生物进化历史中多细胞性的一次独立创新。这意味着多细胞性在真核生物中的进化次数比以前估计的要多得多。
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Germ-soma differentiation and reproduction in a new species of early Cambrian acritarch
As a significant evolutionary innovation, multicellularity has independently evolved multiple times throughout the evolutionary history of eukaryotes, making a substantial contribution to their diversity. In retracing the multicellularity of eukaryotes, deep-time fossil records play an irreplaceable role. In this paper, we report a new acritarch Concavaesphaera ornata gen. et sp. nov. from the early Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota (535 Ma). These fossils are generally spherical, with diameters ranging from 450 to 950 μm, and feature an envelope with complex ornament. Inside, there are two groups of cells varying in size. Larger cells are relatively fewer in number and each resides within a sac-like cavity distributed along the inner wall of the envelope. Statistical data show a positive correlation between the diameter and cavity volume during the development of large cells. Small cells are numerous, have a diameter of about 15 μm, and fill the entire interior of the specimens. We interpret the large cells as reproductive cells and the small cells as somatic cells. These observations show that Concavaesphaera evolved multicellular complexity equivalent to that of modern Volvox, with germ-soma differentiation and separation. Available evidence suggests that the similarities between Concavaesphaera and Volvox are more likely to be the result of convergent evolution. Therefore, Concavaesphaera may represent an extinct multicellular eukaryote which evolved during the Cambrian explosion and probably documented an independent innovation of multicellularity in eukaryotic evolutionary history. This implies that multicellularity evolved many more times in eukaryotes than previously estimated.
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来源期刊
Palaeontology
Palaeontology 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
3.80%
发文量
43
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Palaeontology publishes a wide variety of papers on palaeontological topics covering: palaeozoology palaeobotany systematic studies palaeoecology micropalaeontology palaeobiogeography functional morphology stratigraphy taxonomy taphonomy palaeoenvironmental reconstruction palaeoclimate analysis and biomineralization studies.
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