为期 8 周的球类运动干预对 6-7 岁儿童运动能力的影响

IF 0.2 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES Kinesiologia Slovenica Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI:10.52165/kinsi.29.3.119-134
T. Petrušič, Bartol Vukelić, Dario Novak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在儿童早期发展阶段,球类运动是提高运动能力的重要催化剂,它能让儿童积极地参与各种身体运动,促进协调、平衡和空间意识的提高,同时支持重要的社交互动和对全面成长至关重要的认知技能。本研究探讨了为期 8 周的球类运动干预计划(网球、足球、篮球等)对 6 至 7 岁儿童(人数=47)在常规体育课上运动能力的影响。实验组(24 人)每周两次参加 45 分钟的课程,对照组(23 人)则不参加额外的有组织体育活动。本研究的假设表明,与对照组相比,每周两次参加 45 分钟结构化球类运动课程的实验组在这些运动能力方面会有统计学意义上的显著提高。运动能力的评估采用 BOT-2 分项测试,包括精细运动整合能力、手部灵活性、平衡能力和双侧协调能力,并在干预期前后对两组进行评估。BOT-2 分项测试是为全面评估特定运动能力而开发的标准化测量方法。之所以选择它们,是因为它们在评估受干预影响的运动能力方面具有公认的可靠性和有效性,并为本研究的结果分析提供了坚实的基础。采用 2×2 设计对数据进行重复测量方差分析,并用偏等平方(η)来评估 EXP 组和 CON 组之间的差异。结果显示,干预组的参与者在精细动作整合(p = 0.016)、一般精细动作技能(0.021)、双侧协调(0.004)、平衡(0.000)和身体协调(0.000)方面均有明显改善。这项研究强调,每周增加两节各种球类运动课,就能提高 6 至 7 岁儿童的运动能力。
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THE EFFECTS OF AN 8-WEEK BALL GAME INTERVENTION ON THE MOTOR ABILITIES OF 6-7-YEAR-OLDS
In the early childhood stages of development, ball games prove to be a crucial catalyst for improving motor abilities by actively engaging children in various physical movements that promote improved coordination, balance, and spatial awareness, while supporting important social interactions and cognitive skills essential for comprehensive growth. This study examines the effects of an 8-week ball game intervention program (tennis, football, basketball etc.) on the motor abilities of 6- to 7-year-old children (n = 47) in their regular physical education classes. The experimental group (n = 24) participated in 45-minute sessions twice weekly, while the control group (n = 23) received no additional organized physical activities. The hypotheses underlying the study suggest that the experimental group participating in the 45-minute sessions of the structured ball game program twice a week will show statistically significant improvements in these motor abilities compared to the control group.Motor abilities were assessed using the BOT-2 subtests for fine motor integration, manual dexterity, balance, and bilateral coordination and were assessed both before and after the intervention period in both groups. The BOT-2 subtests are standardized measures developed to comprehensively assess specific motor abilities. They were selected for their proven reliability and validity in assessing the motor abilities affected by the intervention and provide a solid basis for the outcome analysis of the study. Data was subjected to repeated-measures ANOVA analysis using a 2×2 design, with partial eta squared (η) used to assess the difference between the EXP and CON groups. Results showed remarkable improvements in fine motor integration (p = 0.016), general fine motor skills (0.021), bilateral coordination (0.004), balance (0.000), and body coordination (0.000) among participants in the intervention group. This study highlights the transformative potential of just two additional weekly sessions of various ball games to improve motor abilities in 6- to 7-year-olds.
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Kinesiologia Slovenica
Kinesiologia Slovenica SPORT SCIENCES-
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