童年不良经历与青春期欺凌:二十年来的系统文献回顾

IF 4.7 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Adolescent Research Review Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI:10.1007/s40894-023-00229-5
Gabriel J. Merrin, Joy Huanhuan Wang, Sarah M. Kiefer, Jesseca L. Jackson, Lauren A. Pascarella, Paige L. Huckaby, Corinne L. Blake, Michael D. Gomez, Nicholas D. W. Smith
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们需要全面了解童年不良经历(ACE)与青少年欺凌行为的出现之间的关系,以及它们随后对青少年福祉的影响。本研究系统回顾了二十年来(1999-2019 年)11 种独特的 ACE(包括 1998 年美国疾病预防控制中心-凯撒 ACE 研究中最初的 10 种,以及儿童福利参与)与三种特定欺凌行为(即施暴、受害和欺凌-受害者)之间的联系。研究人员利用五个数据库(即 Embase、ERIC、PsycINFO、PTSDpubs 和 PubMed)确定了 51 项研究。研究结果表明,某些 ACE(特别是累积性 ACE、虐待、家庭暴力、身体虐待和家庭暴力)与欺凌行为和受害之间存在一致的正相关关系。然而,性虐待、离婚和分居与欺凌行为或受害情况的关系并不一致。此外,一般虐待与欺凌行为呈正相关,而情感虐待和福利制度下的儿童往往是欺凌行为的受害者而非施暴者。值得注意的是,包括忽视和家庭功能失调在内的一些 ACE 与欺凌之间的关系在很大程度上仍未得到充分研究。研究还主要集中在欺凌的实施和受害方面,而对欺凌受害者的关注要少得多。最后,关于欺凌行为对具有 ACEs 青少年福祉影响的研究过于有限,无法就欺凌行为对青少年福祉结果的中介或调节作用做出明确结论。研究结果强调了理解和考虑 ACEs 的同步和累积效应的重要性。在设计以创伤为基础的干预措施和预防策略以打击欺凌行为时,这种理解至关重要。未来的纵向研究应纠正方法学和心理测量学方面的不足,调查潜在的中介因素和调节因素,并将积极经历的健康结果与不良童年经历结合起来,以捕捉共同的风险和复原途径。
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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Bullying During Adolescence: A Systematic Literature Review of Two Decades

There is a need for a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the emergence of bullying behaviors in adolescence, as well as their subsequent implications for youth well-being. This study systematically reviewed the link between 11 unique ACEs (including the original 10 from the 1998 CDC-Kaiser ACE study plus child welfare involvement) and three specific bullying behaviors (i.e., perpetration, victimization, and bully-victim) over two decades (1999–2019). Five databases (i.e., Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, PTSDpubs, and PubMed) were used to identify 51 studies. The findings showed a consistent pattern of positive associations for certain ACEs, specifically cumulative ACEs, maltreatment, family violence, physical abuse, and domestic violence, with bullying perpetration and victimization. However, sexual abuse and divorce and separation were not consistently related to perpetration or victimization. In addition, general abuse was positively associated with perpetration, whereas emotional abuse and children in the welfare system tended to be victims rather than perpetrators of bullying. Notably, several ACEs, including neglect and household dysfunction, remain largely understudied in relation to bullying. The research also predominantly focuses on bullying perpetration and victimization, with bully-victims receiving much less attention. Finally, the research on the impact of bullying behaviors on the well-being of youth with ACEs is too limited to make definitive conclusions regarding the mediating or moderating role of bullying on youth well-being outcomes. The results underscore the importance of understanding and accounting for the simultaneous and cumulative effects of ACEs. This understanding is essential when designing trauma-informed interventions and prevention strategies to combat bullying. Future longitudinal studies should rectify methodological and psychometric shortcomings, investigate potential mediators and moderators, and integrate health outcomes of positive experiences with adverse childhood experiences to capture shared risk and resilience pathways.

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来源期刊
Adolescent Research Review
Adolescent Research Review PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
10.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
17
期刊介绍: Adolescent Research Review publishes articles that review important contributions to the understanding of adolescence.  The Review draws from the many subdisciplines of developmental science, psychological science, education, criminology, public health, medicine, social work, and other allied disciplines that address the subject of youth and adolescence. The editors are especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between disciplines or that focus on topics that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries.  Reviews must be cutting edge and comprehensive in the way they advance science, practice or policy relating to adolescents.
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