红龙果皮(Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose)的解剖结构和组织化学测试

Lily Atiqah Husna, Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho
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Metode penelitian terdiri atas pembuatan preparat awetan dengan metode non-embedding dan observasi struktur anatomis kulit buah naga merah, uji histokimia terhadap senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, dan terpenoid, dan analisis distribusi persebarannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur anatomis kulit buah naga merah terdiri atas bagian eksokarp (jaringan epidermis ganda dengan tipe permukaan cembung pada kulit secara umum dan berpapila pada epidermis atas sisik kulit buah) dan mesokarp (jaringan parenkim air kompak dan non kompak, sel lendir, kristal kalsium oksalat, sklereid, dan trakeid). Adapun senyawa metabolit sekunder yang ditemukan, yaitu fenolik yang terdistribusi pada trakeid, flavonoid pada struktur epidermis, dan alkaloid pada epidermis serta trakeid. Sebaliknya, senyawa tanin dan terpenoid tidak terdeteksi pada kulit buah naga merah.AbstractDragon fruit peel has potential in various fields such as medicine, cosmetics, biopesticides, dyes and food flavors. Previous phytochemical test results proved that red dragon fruit peel contains secondary metabolite compounds. However, information regarding the anatomical structure of dragon fruit peel from the species Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose and its histochemical analysis is still missing. This research was carried out with the aim of observing the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel and identifying the presence and analyzing the distribution of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids using histochemical tests. The research method consisted of making preserved preparations using the non-embedding method and observing the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel, histochemical tests on phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids, and analyzing their distribution. The results of the research show that the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel consists of the exocarp (double epidermal tissue with a convex surface type on the peel in general and papillae on the upper epidermis of the fruit peel scales) and the mesocarp (compact and non-compact water parenchyma tissue, mucus cells, crystals calcium oxalate, sclereids and tracheids). The secondary metabolite compounds found were phenolics distributed in tracheids, flavonoids in the structure of the epidermis, and alkaloids in the epidermis and tracheids. 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Adapun senyawa metabolit sekunder yang ditemukan, yaitu fenolik yang terdistribusi pada trakeid, flavonoid pada struktur epidermis, dan alkaloid pada epidermis serta trakeid. Sebaliknya, senyawa tanin dan terpenoid tidak terdeteksi pada kulit buah naga merah.AbstractDragon fruit peel has potential in various fields such as medicine, cosmetics, biopesticides, dyes and food flavors. Previous phytochemical test results proved that red dragon fruit peel contains secondary metabolite compounds. However, information regarding the anatomical structure of dragon fruit peel from the species Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose and its histochemical analysis is still missing. This research was carried out with the aim of observing the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel and identifying the presence and analyzing the distribution of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids using histochemical tests. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

Abstrak "黑木耳 "在肥胖、美容、生物畜牧业、花卉和动物保健等领域都具有潜力。目前的研究结果表明,这些新陈代谢物质可以促进新陈代谢。目前,有关多根木麻黄(Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose)的解剖结构和组织结构分析的信息已经足够。该研究的目的是观察褐藻的解剖结构,确定褐藻的特征,并对褐藻中的芬多精、黄酮类、鞣质、生物碱和萜类化合物的分布进行分析。通过非嵌入式方法和解剖学观察方法,对雌激素、黄酮类、鞣质、生物碱和萜类化合物的分布情况进行分析。研究人员发现,鳞茎的解剖结构在鳞茎表皮(鳞茎表面的表皮和鳞茎表层的表皮)和鳞茎中皮(鳞茎表皮和非鳞茎表皮、硒、钙锇、鳞片和鳞屑)。适应新陈代谢的植物包括鳞茎中的酚类、表皮结构中的类黄酮以及表皮和鳞茎中的生物碱。AbstractDragon fruit peel has potential in various areas such as medicine, cosmetics, biopesticides, dyes and food flavors.以往的植物化学测试结果证明,红火龙果果皮含有次级代谢化合物。然而,有关 Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose 火龙果果皮的解剖结构及其组织化学分析的信息仍然缺失。本研究旨在观察红火龙果果皮的解剖结构,并利用组织化学试剂鉴定酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物、单宁酸、生物碱和萜类化合物的存在并分析其分布情况。研究方法包括采用非包埋法制作保存制剂,观察红火龙果果皮的解剖结构,对酚类化合物、黄酮类化合物、单宁酸、生物碱和萜类化合物进行组织化学测试,并分析其分布情况。研究结果表明,红心火龙果果皮的解剖结构由外果皮(一般果皮具有凸面型的双层表皮组织,果皮鳞片的上表皮具有乳头状突起)和中果皮(紧密和不紧密的水实质组织、粘液细胞、草酸钙结晶、硬皮和气管)组成。发现的次生代谢物化合物包括分布在气管中的酚类、表皮结构中的黄酮类以及表皮和气管中的生物碱。相比之下,在红火龙果果皮中没有检测到单宁和萜类化合物。
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Struktur Anatomis dan Uji Histokimia Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose)
AbstrakKulit buah naga memiliki potensi di berbagai bidang seperti obat-obatan, kosmetik, biopestisida, pewarna, dan perisa pada makanan. Hasil uji fitokimia sebelumnya membuktikan bahwa kulit buah naga merah mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder. Namun, informasi mengenai struktur anatomis kulit buah naga dari spesies Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose serta analisis histokimianya masih belum ada. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengobservasi struktur anatomis kulit buah naga merah dan mengidentifikasi keberadaan serta menganalisis distribusi senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, dan terpenoid dengan uji histokimia. Metode penelitian terdiri atas pembuatan preparat awetan dengan metode non-embedding dan observasi struktur anatomis kulit buah naga merah, uji histokimia terhadap senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, alkaloid, dan terpenoid, dan analisis distribusi persebarannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur anatomis kulit buah naga merah terdiri atas bagian eksokarp (jaringan epidermis ganda dengan tipe permukaan cembung pada kulit secara umum dan berpapila pada epidermis atas sisik kulit buah) dan mesokarp (jaringan parenkim air kompak dan non kompak, sel lendir, kristal kalsium oksalat, sklereid, dan trakeid). Adapun senyawa metabolit sekunder yang ditemukan, yaitu fenolik yang terdistribusi pada trakeid, flavonoid pada struktur epidermis, dan alkaloid pada epidermis serta trakeid. Sebaliknya, senyawa tanin dan terpenoid tidak terdeteksi pada kulit buah naga merah.AbstractDragon fruit peel has potential in various fields such as medicine, cosmetics, biopesticides, dyes and food flavors. Previous phytochemical test results proved that red dragon fruit peel contains secondary metabolite compounds. However, information regarding the anatomical structure of dragon fruit peel from the species Hylocereus polyrhizus (Web.) Britton & Rose and its histochemical analysis is still missing. This research was carried out with the aim of observing the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel and identifying the presence and analyzing the distribution of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids using histochemical tests. The research method consisted of making preserved preparations using the non-embedding method and observing the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel, histochemical tests on phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids, and analyzing their distribution. The results of the research show that the anatomical structure of red dragon fruit peel consists of the exocarp (double epidermal tissue with a convex surface type on the peel in general and papillae on the upper epidermis of the fruit peel scales) and the mesocarp (compact and non-compact water parenchyma tissue, mucus cells, crystals calcium oxalate, sclereids and tracheids). The secondary metabolite compounds found were phenolics distributed in tracheids, flavonoids in the structure of the epidermis, and alkaloids in the epidermis and tracheids. In contrast, tannin and terpenoid compounds were not detected in the peel of red dragon fruit.
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