评估新手工程师学习和使用过渡系统为软件系统建模的难度

Mrityunjay Kumar, Venkatesh Choppella
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摘要

现代软件产品是复杂的系统,如果工程师能将软件视为一个系统,就能更好地理解这些产品。系统科学认为,建模有助于对复杂系统的学习。因此,如果我们能帮助新手工程师将软件产品作为系统建模,就能提高他们的理解能力。通过建模学习的一种方法是使用过渡系统(Transition Systems)来建立模型,这也是我们在上一篇论文中提出的。这就要求工程师学习过渡系统的词汇和使用它来建立软件系统模型的方法。问题是:学习和使用过渡系统词汇困难吗?我们假设不难,因为它的词汇量很小,而且是建立在其他课程(如《计算理论》和《离散数学》)中所学的概念--有限状态机和集合论--之上的。为了验证这一假设,我们在软件工程课程中为来自两个不同环境的两批学生设计了一个短期干预(一个讲座和一个项目)。我们向他们讲授了过渡系统的基本概念以及如何使用其词汇对系统进行建模,并对他们在建模项目中的表现进行了评估。我们还进行了一项调查,以评估他们对该主题的看法。这两批学生在项目中都取得了很好的成绩,并在接受调查时表示同意过渡系统易于学习和使用。根据所展示的知识和调查反馈,我们得出结论,他们学习过渡系统的词汇及其使用并不困难。这一结果使我们有信心开始设计更长的干预措施,以促进系统建模的使用,并研究其在大型软件系统中的有效性。
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Evaluating the difficulty for novice engineers in learning and using Transition Systems for modeling software systems
Modern software products are complex systems and are better comprehended when engineers can think of the software as a system. Systems Science suggests that learning about a complex system is aided by modeling. It stands to reason that if we can help novice engineers model the software products as systems, it should improve their comprehension. One way of learning through modeling is to use Transition Systems to build models that we proposed in a previous paper. This requires the engineers to learn the vocabulary of Transition Systems and a way to use it to model software systems. The question arises: is it difficult to learn and use transition systems vocabulary? We hypothesize that it is not, because its vocabulary is small, and it builds on the concepts learned in other courses like Theory of Computation and Discrete Mathematics - finite-state machines and set theory. To test this hypothesis, we designed a short intervention (one lecture and one project) in a software engineering course for two cohorts of students from two different environments. We taught them basic concepts of Transition Systems and how systems can be modelled using its vocabulary and evaluated their performance on a modeling project. We also administered a survey to evaluate their perception of the topic. Both the cohorts scored well on the project and reported agreement with ease of learning and use of Transition Systems when surveyed. Based on the knowledge demonstrated and the survey feedback, we conclude that it is not difficult for them to learn the vocabulary of Transition Systems and its use. This result gives confidence to start designing longer intervention to promote use of systems modeling and study their effectiveness with large software systems.
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