Synthetic-Hydroxyapatite-Based Coatings on the Ultrafine-Grained Titanium and Zirconium Surface

The development of biocompatible materials is a multidisciplinary task and requires the interaction of physicists, chemists, biologists, and physicians, since the functional reliability of materials depends on their biochemical, cellular, tissue, and biomechanical compatibility. This area has been developing intensively in recent years, resulting in numerous research articles. As assumed, the composition of the biocompatible coating of the new generation should coincide as much as possible with the composition of natural human bone and be able to simulate bone tissue on its surface. As a result of the approximation of the phase-structural state and properties of the resulting coatings on implants to the parameters of bone tissue, improved compatibility between them can be achieved. When forming biocompatible coatings, special attention is paid to creating a definite relief (roughness) on the implant surface. There is a current search for new technological solutions for creating a biocompatible rough surface on implants that ensures reliable integration of the implant into bone tissue, since existing technologies do not fully meet state-of-the-art medical requirements.