New records of Aspidoras fuscoguttatus Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1976 (Callichthyidae, Corydoradinae) from the São Francisco river basin, Brazil

Aspidoras fuscoguttatus Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1976 is a small, relatively common armored catfish considered endemic to the upper Paraná river basin. Here, based on recent collections, as well as morphological and molecular evidence, the known geographic distribution of this species is extended to the basin of the São Francisco River. Specimens were collected during biological surveys in two unnamed tributaries of the Paraopeba River, in the headwaters of the São Francisco River. The new records may be a consequence of headwater stream-captures between São Francisco and upper Paraná drainages. Continued surveys are needed to assess and mitigate natural and human impacts, including biological exchanges between basins.