迭代还是定语?拉丁语lūgeō "哀悼 "和doleō "痛苦 "的新形态语义分析

IF 0.2 0 CLASSICS Journal of Latin Linguistics Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.1515/joll-2023-2004
Kanehiro Nishimura
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 本文将首先关注拉丁动词 lūgeō "哀悼 "的形态语义学,它代表了人们因亲人去世而精神痛苦的一种情绪。传统上,人们认为原印欧语动词词根*leu̯g-"断裂 "是lūgeō的基础,但最近这一词源学受到了质疑。不过,我将通过与同样表达人类经常经历的一种感觉的动词 doleō "感到痛苦 "进行新颖的语义比较来支持传统的 "断裂 "假说。由于其基本词根 *delh 1 - 的意思是 "凿开、劈开",与 "折断 "相似,doleō 的语义发展为 lūgeō 提供了一个整齐的平行词。在挽救了与*leu̯g-之间的联系之后,我将为 lūgeō主张一种陈述式构词法(用 *-eh 1 -i̯é-),而不是更常见的迭代重构法(用 *-éi̯e-)。对 lūgeō 所做的分析对 doleō 也很有用;我将提出,后一个动词的语义范围更广,最好解释为两种形式融合的结果,一种是表示 "感到痛苦 "的陈述式(用 *-eh 1 -i̯é-),另一种是表示 "习惯性地给人带来痛苦 "的迭代式(用 *-éi̯e-,如之前对该动词的假设)。
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Iterative or stative? New morphosemantic analyses of Latin lūgeō ‘mourn’ and doleō ‘feel pain’
Abstract This paper will start by focusing on the morphosemantics of a Latin verb lūgeō ‘mourn’, which represents an emotion felt by people mentally excruciated by their loved one’s death. Traditionally, it has been believed that the Proto-Indo-European verbal root *leu̯g- ‘break’ underlies lūgeō, but recently this etymology has been challenged. However, I will support the traditional ‘break’ hypothesis through a novel semantic comparison to doleō ‘feel pain’, a verb also expressing a type of sensation humans often experience. Since its underlying root *delh 1 - means ‘hew, split’, similar to ‘break’, the semantic development of doleō would provide a neat parallel for lūgeō. Having salvaged the connection with *leu̯g-, I will advocate a stative formation (with *-eh 1 -i̯é-) for lūgeō instead of the more commonly presumed iterative reconstruction (with *-éi̯e-). The analysis conducted for lūgeō turns out to be useful for doleō, too; I will propose that the latter verb’s wider semantic range is best explained as the result of the convergence of two formations, a stative form meaning ‘feel pain’ (with *-eh 1 -i̯é-) and an iterative form meaning ‘habitually give pain to’ (with *-éi̯e-, as previously assumed for this verb).
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
50.00%
发文量
5
期刊最新文献
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