PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF LONELINESS BY EMMANUEL LEVINAS (BY THE MATERIALS OF FOREIGN STUDIES)

The article touches upon the theme of the phenomenological approach to the study of loneliness by the outstanding French philosopher E. Levinas. The meaning of the phenomenological method in the study of this phenomenon is revealed. The main content of the article is the analysis of the uniqueness of the experience of loneliness from a phenomenological point of view. The concept of transformational phenomenology is introduced. It is stated that in the philosophy of E. Levinas loneliness is the main category of being. As an experience of deprivation of something, it shows a great proximity to the ambivalent experience of alienation. This culminates in the radical alienation of death, in which the existentiality of loneliness is especially pronounced. It is emphasized that the tragedy of loneliness is the final manifestation of an ego accentuated on itself, locked in captivity of its own identity, its isolation on itself. Therefore, it is important for E. Levinas to discover new meanings for people in which they can resist their own loneliness and even cultivate it. This is important, because the ability to be alone with yourself is the prerequisite for a full community. In conclusion, a conclusion is made about the need for a person to accept his loneliness.