ELSSIE:用于行星表面形态和构成的紧凑型立体光谱成像仪

IF 1.8 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Planetary and Space Science Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.pss.2024.105841
Scott L. Murchie , Frank P. Seelos , Bethany L. Ehlmann , John D. Boldt , Lawrence E. Brown , Jacob M. Greenberg , Karl A. Hibbitts , W. Jeffrey Lees , David M. Linko , Joseph J. Linden , Graham P. Murphy , Jorge I. Núñez , Katherine L. Rorschach , Calley L. Tinsman , Frank Winterling
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在此,我们介绍了为展示下一代着陆行星光谱成像仪--欧罗巴着陆器立体光谱成像实验(ELSSIE)概念的技术而进行的设计、原型制作、测试和模拟。该概念最初是为欧罗巴着陆器任务开发的,但经过简化后,其设计适用于外太阳系的任何海洋世界或非冰体,包括恩克拉多斯、月球、火星或谷神星表面。ELSSIE 的设计由两个组件组成。一个传感器融合了一个高分辨率、20 个滤光片、0.4-3.65 μm、可调焦距的多光谱立体成像仪和一个 0.8-3.6 μm 点光谱仪,共用一个辐射屏蔽的单个 Teledyne H2RG 2048 × 2048 像素焦平面阵列(FPA)。每台相机包括两个 6 位滤光片轮,其中有 5 个滤光片和一个空白位置,为 2 个立体眼提供 10 个带通,并使用 700 × 700 像素的 FPA。点光谱仪使用 6 × 350 像素的 FPA 条带。该传感器对从可见光到中波-红外(MWIR)波长的反射光进行立体和成像/光谱测量,以确定表面形态特征、搜索火成碎屑羽流、搜索有机物、识别盐类和可能的生物矿物、确定结晶冰与无定形冰的特征和冰粒大小,并绘制关键相的分布图。除了解决重要的地质问题,这些测量还有助于选择现场取样和分析的地点。数据处理装置(DPU)通过去除有辐射的图像空间像素,并对同一空间像素的其余部分进行叠加,提高信噪比(SNR),从而利用同滤镜图像帧集或单点光谱来减轻穿透屏蔽的辐射。DPU 还对成像仪和光谱仪数据进行机载校准,对多光谱图像进行共配准,并计算光谱指数("摘要参数")图像,以便有效利用着陆器下行链路。共同登记的多光谱图像集和光谱将保留在机载上,并可在查询时进行下行链路。
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ELSSIE: A compact stereo spectral imager for planetary surface morphology and composition

Here we describe the design, prototyping, testing, and simulations that were conducted to demonstrate the technology for a concept of the next generation landed planetary spectral imager, the Europa Lander Stereo Spectral Imaging Experiment (ELSSIE). The concept was developed originally for a Europa Lander mission, but the design is applicable, with simplifications, to any ocean world of the outer solar system or to non-icy bodies, including Enceladus, the Moon, Mars, or the surface of Ceres. ELSSIE's design consists of two subassemblies. A Sensor melds a high-resolution, 20-filter, 0.4–3.65 μm, adjustable-focus multispectral stereo imager with a 0.8–3.6 μm point spectrometer, sharing a radiation-shielded single Teledyne H2RG 2048 × 2048 pixel focal plane array (FPA). Each camera includes two 6-position filter wheels with 5 filters and a blank position, providing 10 bandpasses for each of the 2 stereo eyes, and uses 700 × 700 pixels of the FPA. The point spectrometer uses a 6 ×350 pixel strip of the FPA. The Sensor provides stereo and imaging/spectroscopic measurements of reflected light from visible to medium wave-infrared (MWIR) wavelengths to characterize surface morphology, search for pyroclastic plumes, search for organics, identify salts and possible biominerals, characterize crystalline vs. amorphous ice and ice grain sizes, and map the distributions of key phases. In addition to addressing important geologic questions, these measurements support selection of a site for in situ sampling and analysis. A Data Processing Unit (DPU) performs mitigation of radiation that penetrates the shielding using sets of same-filter image frames or spectra of a single spot by removing image spatial pixels with radiation hits, and coadding the remainder for the same spatial pixel, improving signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The DPU also performs onboard calibration of imager and spectrometer data, co-registration of multispectral images, and calculation of spectral index (“summary parameter”) images for efficient use of lander downlink. Co-registered multispectral image sets and spectra are retained onboard and can be downlinked upon query.

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来源期刊
Planetary and Space Science
Planetary and Space Science 地学天文-天文与天体物理
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
4.20%
发文量
126
审稿时长
15 weeks
期刊介绍: Planetary and Space Science publishes original articles as well as short communications (letters). Ground-based and space-borne instrumentation and laboratory simulation of solar system processes are included. The following fields of planetary and solar system research are covered: • Celestial mechanics, including dynamical evolution of the solar system, gravitational captures and resonances, relativistic effects, tracking and dynamics • Cosmochemistry and origin, including all aspects of the formation and initial physical and chemical evolution of the solar system • Terrestrial planets and satellites, including the physics of the interiors, geology and morphology of the surfaces, tectonics, mineralogy and dating • Outer planets and satellites, including formation and evolution, remote sensing at all wavelengths and in situ measurements • Planetary atmospheres, including formation and evolution, circulation and meteorology, boundary layers, remote sensing and laboratory simulation • Planetary magnetospheres and ionospheres, including origin of magnetic fields, magnetospheric plasma and radiation belts, and their interaction with the sun, the solar wind and satellites • Small bodies, dust and rings, including asteroids, comets and zodiacal light and their interaction with the solar radiation and the solar wind • Exobiology, including origin of life, detection of planetary ecosystems and pre-biological phenomena in the solar system and laboratory simulations • Extrasolar systems, including the detection and/or the detectability of exoplanets and planetary systems, their formation and evolution, the physical and chemical properties of the exoplanets • History of planetary and space research
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