Padraic Rocliffe, Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano, Luis Garcia-Gonzalez, Manolis Adamakis, Liam Walsh, Aine Bannon, Emily Mulhall, Ian Sherwin, Brendan T. O’ Keeffe, Patricia Mannix-McNamara, Ciaran MacDonncha
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引用次数: 0
摘要
学校提供的典型体育教育、体育活动和运动可能会影响青少年的身体健康。然而,系统性文献综述和荟萃分析尚未考虑到这种影响。我们在 Web of Science、SPORTDiscus、PsychINFO、ERIC 和 MEDLINE 数据库中搜索了与 12-18 岁中学青少年有关的相关文献(2000-2023 年)。29 项研究符合纳入标准,其中包括 23 项干预措施、4 项横断面研究和 2 项纵向研究。纳入的研究中有 268 项报告了对青少年肥胖、体能、血压和骨骼健康指标的影响。有 15 项研究被纳入了荟萃分析,这些研究报告显示,在对典型学校教育稍作修改的实验组中,男孩和女孩的肥胖指标都有显著的积极影响(g = - 0.11 [95% CI - 0.22, - 0.01], p < 0.04, I2 = 32.49%)。分组分析发现,体脂百分比(g = - 0.28 [95% CI - 0.49, - 0.06],p <0.01)具有明显的积极影响。学校最佳实践的有力范例包括每周延长体育课时间(≥ 4 天)、将理论内容融入体育课、提供运动场地/健身房以及多种训练模式。没有对典型的学校体育课稍作调整的研究被认为对青少年体质健康的影响有限。有必要进一步研究学校体育活动和体育运动对体育教育的补充作用。
The Impact of Typical School Provision of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sports on Adolescent Physical Health: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Typical school provision of physical education, physical activity and sports may impact adolescent physical health. However, systematic literature reviews and meta-analysis have not yet considered this impact. The Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsychINFO, ERIC and MEDLINE databases were searched for relevant literature (2000–2023) pertaining to adolescents aged 12–18 years in secondary schools. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, including twenty-three interventions, four cross-sectional and two longitudinal studies. Included studies contributed 268 reported effects on indicators of adolescent obesity, physical fitness, blood pressure and bone health. Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis and reported significantly positive effects on indicators of adiposity in experimental groups with minor modifications to typical school provision (g = − 0.11 [95% CI − 0.22, − 0.01], p < 0.04, I2 = 32.49%), in boys and girls. Subgroup analysis found significantly positive effects for body fat percentage (g = − 0.28 [95% CI − 0.49, − 0.06], p < 0.01). Robust examples of best practice in schools include extended days dedicated to physical education weekly (≥ 4 days), integration of theoretical components to physical education, sports field/gymnasium availability and a range of training modalities. Studies without the integration of a minor modification to typical school provision were deemed to have a limited impact on adolescent physical health. Further research that examines the additive impact of school physical activity and sports to supplement physical education is warranted.
期刊介绍:
Adolescent Research Review publishes articles that review important contributions to the understanding of adolescence. The Review draws from the many subdisciplines of developmental science, psychological science, education, criminology, public health, medicine, social work, and other allied disciplines that address the subject of youth and adolescence. The editors are especially interested in articles that bridge gaps between disciplines or that focus on topics that transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Reviews must be cutting edge and comprehensive in the way they advance science, practice or policy relating to adolescents.