比利时《安乐死法》对因精神失常导致精神痛苦而实施安乐死的资格标准的看法：对精神科医护人员的定性访谈研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q1 LAW International Journal of Law and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ijlp.2024.101961

M. Verhofstadt , K. Van Assche , K. Pardon , M. Gleydura , K. Titeca , K. Chambaere

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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言：比利时允许对患有精神疾病的成年人实施安乐死（APC），这对该领域的各种工作者都有影响，包括精神科医生、精神科护士、心理学家和支持 "伙伴"。本研究探讨了他们对现行精神病学安乐死法律标准和实践的适当性的看法，以及他们对适当实施或修改这些标准的建议：在 2019 年 8 月至 2020 年 8 月期间，我们在佛兰德斯和布鲁塞尔（比利时）对 30 名至少有过一次与要求安乐死的 APC 交涉经历的荷兰语精神卫生保健工作者进行了半结构化访谈。我们通过定性内容分析对访谈记录进行了分析：我们的研究表明，对于这些精神医护人员来说，评估 APC 安乐死请求的法律资格标准（即无法忍受的痛苦）中，只有一项是相当直截了当的解释。此外，对于《安乐死法》的哪些方面应该修改以及如何修改，也缺乏共识：结论：许多精神医疗工作者并不十分了解或误解涉及安乐死的法律标准。标准的定义有时过于狭隘，以至于由 APC 提出的安乐死请求通常被认为是不符合条件的，或者说，标准的定义过于宽泛，以至于纳入的病例超出了法律的本意。我们的研究表明，有必要制定权威的专业行为准则，为比利时精神科的安乐死实践提供明确的建议。我们还建议，未来的培训应标准化，得到该领域最重要的专业协会的支持，并向所有面临安乐死请求的APC或向考虑安乐死的APC提供支持的人员免费提供。

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Perspectives on the eligibility criteria for euthanasia for mental suffering caused by psychiatric disorder under the Belgian Euthanasia Law: A qualitative interview study among mental healthcare workers

Introduction

Euthanasia in adults with psychiatric conditions (APC) is allowed in Belgium and impacts a variety of workers in this field, including psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, psychologists, and support “buddies”. This study examines their perspectives on the appropriateness of the current legal criteria for, and practice of, euthanasia in the context of psychiatry, and their suggestions to properly implement or amend these criteria.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 Dutch-speaking mental healthcare workers who had at least one experience with an APC requesting euthanasia, in Flanders and Brussels (Belgium), between August 2019 and August 2020. Interview transcripts were analyzed through qualitative content analysis.

Findings

Our study shows that, for these mental healthcare workers, only one of the legal eligibility criteria to assess euthanasia requests by APC (i.e., unbearable suffering) is rather straightforward to interpret. In addition, there was a lack of consensus on what aspects of the Euthanasia Law should be modified and in what way.

Conclusions

Many mental healthcare workers do not well understand or misinterpret the legal criteria for euthanasia involving APC. Criteria are sometimes defined so narrowly that euthanasia requests by APC are generally deemed ineligible or, alternatively, are stretched to allow for inclusion of cases that go beyond what the Law intended. Our study indicates the need for an authoritative professional code of conduct offering clear advice for Belgian euthanasia practice in the context of psychiatry. It is also recommended that future trainings are standardized, supported by the most important professional associations in the field, and freely available to all who are confronted with euthanasia requests from APC or who offer support to APC who consider euthanasia.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Law and Psychiatry Multiple-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Law and Psychiatry is intended to provide a multi-disciplinary forum for the exchange of ideas and information among professionals concerned with the interface of law and psychiatry. There is a growing awareness of the need for exploring the fundamental goals of both the legal and psychiatric systems and the social implications of their interaction. The journal seeks to enhance understanding and cooperation in the field through the varied approaches represented, not only by law and psychiatry, but also by the social sciences and related disciplines.