日本公务员研究》(Japanese Civil Servants' Study):日本公务员研究》。

Takashi Shigeno, Takashi Tatsuse, Michikazu Sekine, Masaaki Yamada
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摘要

问题饮酒不仅会影响人口的健康,还会影响国家的生产力,尤其是在工作人口中肆虐的问题饮酒。本研究探讨了日本劳动人口中问题饮酒与工作特征、工作-家庭状况和社会状况之间的关系。在对饮酒频率和数量进行调整后,对2014年日本公务员研究中的3136名参与者(男性:65.1%,女性:34.9%)进行了基于性别的多变量逻辑回归分析(应答率:87.8%),以研究与问题饮酒相关的因素。问题饮酒采用 "沮丧、恼怒、内疚和开眼"(CAGE)问卷进行评估。结果发现,24.3%的男性和 10.3%的女性存在问题饮酒。分析表明,在男性中,低工作绩效(OR:1.34,95%CI:1.00-1.79)、高家庭与工作冲突(OR:1.54,95%CI:1.14-2.09)和高工作与家庭冲突(OR:1.63,95%CI:1.14-2.34)与问题饮酒显著相关,而在女性中,高工作与家庭冲突(OR:2.45,95%CI:1.21-4.95)与问题饮酒显著相关。虽然女性密友的数量与问题饮酒呈负相关,但在完全调整模型中,其显著性消失了。由此可以得出结论,在工作和家庭生活之间取得平衡对男性和女性都很重要。此外,由于性别差异,工作表现对男性来说可能很重要,而密友的存在对女性来说可能对降低问题饮酒的风险很重要。
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Examination of factors related to problem drinking among the working population: The Japanese civil servants study.

Problem drinking affects not only the health of a population but also the productivity of a nation, especially if it is rampant among the working population. This study examines the association between problem drinking and work characteristics, work-family status, and social situations among the Japanese working population. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on the basis of gender on 3136 participants (men: 65.1%, women: 34.9%) adopted from the Japanese Civil Servants Study in 2014 (response rate: 87.8%), to examine the factors related to problem drinking, after adjusting for frequency and quantity of drinking. Problem drinking was assessed using the Cutdown, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye-opener (CAGE) questionnaire. The presence of problem drinking was found in 24.3% of men and 10.3% of women. The analysis showed that in men, poor work performance (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.00-1.79), high family-to-work conflict (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.14-2.09), and high work-to-family conflict (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.14-2.34) were significantly associated with problem drinking, whereas in women, high work-to-family conflict (OR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.21-4.95) was significantly associated with problem drinking. Although the number of close friends is negatively associated with problem drinking in women, the significance disappeared in the fully adjusted model. It can be concluded that it is important for both men and women to strike a balance between work and family life. Moreover, owing to gender differences, work performance may be important for men, and the presence of close friends may be important for women, in reducing the risk of problem drinking.

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