埃塞俄比亚提格雷半干旱地区小农农场的园林树改善了土壤的物理化学性质

IF 2.7 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Arid Land Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1007/s40333-024-0002-6
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 拟议的农林业方案应从农民最熟悉的树种开始,即在小农农场和社会经济条件下发展起来的本地多用途树种。非洲桦(Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill.小农高度重视这些树木的多功能用途,包括木材、木柴、木炭、药材等。这些树木还可以提高土壤肥力。但是,必须确定这两种树种对土壤物理和化学性质的改善程度,以保持公园中该树种的可持续保护,并将其推广到类似的农业生态系统中。因此,我们选择了 12 棵孤立的树木,每个物种各 6 棵,它们具有相似的树干特征,生长在相似的环境条件下。我们将每棵树的树冠覆盖分为三个径向距离:树冠中部、树冠边缘和树冠间隙(对照)。在每个距离上,我们从三个不同深度采集土壤样本。我们从每个树冠位置和土壤深度采集了 216 个土壤样本(一半受干扰,另一半未受干扰)。我们分析了容重(BD)、土壤水分含量(SMC)、土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、可利用磷(AP)、可利用钾(AK)、pH 值、电导率(EC)和阳离子交换容量(CEC)。结果表明,除土壤质地和导电率在两个树种下均有明显改善、CEC 在 A. leiocarpus 下有明显改善、土壤 pH 在 S. kunthianum 下有明显改善外,所有研究的土壤理化性质在两个树种冠层下均比冠层间隙处有明显改善。树冠下的 SMC、TN、AP 和 AK 分别比对照下的土壤高 24.1%、11.1%、55.0% 和 9.3%。这两种园地农林树种通过改善土壤的物理和化学性质,显著提高了表土树冠附近的土壤肥力。建议在具有类似农业生态系统的旱地种植这两种树种。
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Parkland trees on smallholder farms ameliorate soil physical-chemical properties in the semi-arid area of Tigray, Ethiopia

Abstract

Proposed agroforestry options should begin with the species that farmers are most familiar with, which would be the native multipurpose trees that have evolved under smallholder farms and socioeconomic conditions. The African birch (Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr.) and pink jacaranda (Stereospermum kunthianum Cham.) trees are the dominant species in the agroforestry parkland system in the drylands of Tigray, Ethiopia. Smallholder farmers highly value these trees for their multifunctional uses including timber, firewood, charcoal, medicine, etc. These trees also could improve soil fertility. However, the amount of soil physical and chemical properties enhanced by the two species must be determined to maintain the sustainable conservation of the species in the parklands and to scale up to similar agro-ecological systems. Hence, we selected twelve isolated trees, six from each species that had similar dendrometric characteristics and were growing in similar environmental conditions. We divided the canopy cover of each tree into three radial distances: mid-canopy, canopy edge, and canopy gap (control). At each distance, we took soil samples from three different depths. We collected 216 soil samples (half disturbed and the other half undisturbed) from each canopy position and soil depth. Bulk density (BD), soil moisture content (SMC), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were analysed. Results revealed that soil physical and chemical properties significantly improved except for soil texture and EC under both species, CEC under A. leiocarpus, and soil pH under S. kunthianum, all the studied soils were improved under both species canopy as compared with canopy gap. SMC, TN, AP, and AK under canopy of these trees were respectively 24.1%, 11.1%, 55.0%, and 9.3% higher than those soils under control. The two parkland agroforestry species significantly enhanced soil fertility near the canopy of topsoil through improving soil physical and chemical properties. These two species were recommended in the drylands with similar agro-ecological systems.

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来源期刊
Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
768
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Arid Land is an international peer-reviewed journal co-sponsored by Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press. It aims to meet the needs of researchers, students and practitioners in sustainable development and eco-environmental management, focusing on the arid and semi-arid lands in Central Asia and the world at large. The Journal covers such topics as the dynamics of natural resources (including water, soil and land, organism and climate), the security and sustainable development of natural resources, and the environment and the ecology in arid and semi-arid lands, especially in Central Asia. Coverage also includes interactions between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere, and the relationship between these natural processes and human activities. Also discussed are patterns of geography, ecology and environment; ecological improvement and environmental protection; and regional responses and feedback mechanisms to global change. The Journal of Arid Land also presents reviews, brief communications, trends and book reviews of work on these topics.
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