Efficiency of Using Growth Stimulant and Biofertilizers for Varieties of Spring Soft Wheat

Abstract

The aim of this research is to study the effectiveness of biofertilizers and growth stimulants for modern varieties of spring soft wheat. The work was performed in 2019–2021 under the conditions of the Middle Volga region. The reaction of the varieties (factor A) Kinel’skaya Niva, Kinel’skaya 2010, Kinel’skaya Yubileinaya, Kinel’skaya Zvezda, Eritrospermum 4146, and Eritrospermum 4144 was studied in the experiment. To determine the effectiveness of the applied biological products (factor B), seeds were treated (at the rate of the working solution of 10 L/t) and crops were sprayed two times (300 L/ha) at the tillering and heading phases according to the following scheme: without chemicals (control, water), Mival-Agro (5 g/t; 10 g/ha), AgroVerm (1 L/t; 2 L/ha), Lignohumate (100 g/t; 50 g/ha), Polishans (0.2 L/t of seeds and 0.4 L/ha), Mival-Agro + Lignohumate, AgroVerm + Polishans, and Mival-Agro + Polishans. Over the years of study, all the preparations and their complexes on average contributed to an increase in the yield by 0.09–0.63 t/ha (3.5–23.2%), in the number of productive stems by 20–185 pcs/m², in the weight of 1000 grains by 0.3–3.0 g, in grain weight by 0.10–0.33 g per ear, in grain units to 9 g/L, in the amount of gluten in grain to 4%, and in the protein content to 1.9% relative to the control. The increase in the values of most parameters in comparison with the control was maximal in the variants with Mival-Agro + Polishans and AgroVerm + Polishans complexes: there was an increase in grain yield by 0.27–0.63 t/ha, in the weight of 1000 grains by 0.6–3.0 g, in grain weight per ear by 0.22–0.33 g, in the number of productive stems by 87–185 pcs/m², in grain unit by 2–9 g/L, and in the gluten and protein content by 0.4–3.6 and 0.1–1.9%, respectively. The mean yield in the experiment and the increase over the control were the highest for the varieties Kinel’skaya Zvezda (3.22 t/ha and 0.17–0.61 t/ha, respectively) and Kinel’skaya Yubileinaya (2.99 t/ha and 0.14–0.60 t/ha).