Effect of Presowing Treatment of Spring Wheat Seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) with Organic Acids of Natural Origin in a Vacuum Environment on Plant Growth and Development

Abstract

The study investigates the effect of presowing treatment of spring wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) with succinic and salicylic acids at concentrations of 10^–5 M and 10^–3 M with and without the use of a vacuum infiltrator. The obtained results showed a positive effect of seed treatment under conditions of vacuum pressure (0.9 atm, 15 min) on the development of coleoptile and seedling root on the seventh day of germination. In terms of the germination energy or vigor, exposure to a vacuum environment did not have a significant effect on the third day. In the stressful conditions of plant development under hyperthermia exposure, it was found that treatment of seeds with salicylic acid at a concentration of 10^–3 M in a vacuum environment ensured the best result in that it reduced the stress load by suppressing catalase activity. Succinic acid at a concentration of 10^–5 M proved to be the best option as a growth enhancer. In combination with the use of a vacuum environment, this treatment most significantly accelerated the development of the coleoptile and the root of the seedling on the seventh day of germination.