Impact and integration of electric vehicles on renewable energy based microgrid: Frequency profile improvement by a-SCA optimized FO-Fuzzy PSS approach

The modelling of an electric vehicle along with its integration and impact over a renewable energy based microgrid topology is well addressed in this manuscript. The frequent charging and discharging of the electric vehicle makes an oscillation over grid frequency. The performance especially frequency of an islanded AC microgrid is also affected seriously under the actions of different uncertainties like load dynamics, wind fluctuation in wind plant, solar intensity variation of PV plant etc. In order to maintain standard frequency, this research work aims to regulate the net power generation of the system in response to total demand. To monitor net generation, this work has intended a Fractional order fuzzy power system stabilizer (FO-Fuzzy PSS) control scheme in several dynamic situations. The proposed FO-Fuzzy PSS control scheme acts as most potential candidate to pertain stability in system frequency in above discussed disturbances. The controller gains are tuned optimally with suggesting an advanced-Sine Cosine Algorithm (a-SCA) under different conditions. The performance of the optimal FO-Fuzzy PSS controller is compared over standard fuzzy controller and PID controller in regard to frequency regulation of microgrid system. It is observed that proposed FO-Fuzzy PSS control scheme has the credential to reduce settling time of ΔF₁ (area1 microgrid frequency) by 98.60% and 250.82% over fuzzy controller & PID controller correspondingly. Further, the dynamic optimal performance of the proposed a-SCA is compared over original SCA and PSO techniques to justify its superiority.