阿拉斯加内陆土壤的永久冻土退化及其对碳储存的影响

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Biogeochemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI:10.1007/s10533-024-01132-4
Patrick Liebmann, Jiří Bárta, Cordula Vogel, Tim Urich, Alexander Kholodov, Milan Varsadiya, Ole Mewes, Stefan Dultz, Muhammad Waqas, Haitao Wang, Olga Shibistova, Georg Guggenberger
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引用次数: 0

摘要

众所周知,北半球的永久冻土蕴藏着大量的土壤有机质(SOM)。全球气候变暖在促进土壤形成的同时,也会引发永久冻土融化并加深活动层,从而危及这一稳定的土壤有机碳库。但是,根据含冰量或排水量等因素的不同,退化的永久冻土层中的条件可能会从水饱和/缺氧到干燥/缺氧不等,SOM 稳定机制也会随之发生变化。在阿拉斯加内陆的这项实地研究中,我们调查了两个永久冻土退化的地点,一个是水饱和地点,另一个是排水良好地点,以及第三个永久冻土完好的地点。土壤团聚体和密度分数突出表明,永久冻土融化促进了大团聚体的形成,颗粒有机物的加入扩大了这两个退化地点表层土壤的团聚体形成,从而有可能抵消永久冻土融化引起的表层土壤 SOC 的减少。然而,在两个退化地点的所有部分,底土储存的 SOC 都明显少于完整的冻土。我们的调查显示,与完好的冻土相比,退化冻土上部 100 厘米的 SOC 储量最多可净减少 75%,这主要与底土有关,而干湿退化地貌土壤之间的差异很小。这项研究证明,考虑不同的永久冻土退化地貌并采用土壤分馏技术,是研究这一敏感生态系统的土壤发育和 SOM 稳定过程的有效组合。
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Permafrost degradation and its consequences for carbon storage in soils of Interior Alaska

Permafrost soils in the northern hemisphere are known to harbor large amounts of soil organic matter (SOM). Global climate warming endangers this stable soil organic carbon (SOC) pool by triggering permafrost thaw and deepening the active layer, while at the same time progressing soil formation. But depending, e.g., on ice content or drainage, conditions in the degraded permafrost can range from water-saturated/anoxic to dry/oxic, with concomitant shifts in SOM stabilizing mechanisms. In this field study in Interior Alaska, we investigated two sites featuring degraded permafrost, one water-saturated and the other well-drained, alongside a third site with intact permafrost. Soil aggregate- and density fractions highlighted that permafrost thaw promoted macroaggregate formation, amplified by the incorporation of particulate organic matter, in topsoils of both degradation sites, thus potentially counteracting a decrease in topsoil SOC induced by the permafrost thawing. However, the subsoils were found to store notably less SOC than the intact permafrost in all fractions of both degradation sites. Our investigations revealed up to net 75% smaller SOC storage in the upper 100 cm of degraded permafrost soils as compared to the intact one, predominantly related to the subsoils, while differences between soils of wet and dry degraded landscapes were minor. This study provides evidence that the consideration of different permafrost degradation landscapes and the employment of soil fractionation techniques is a useful combination to investigate soil development and SOM stabilization processes in this sensitive ecosystem.

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来源期刊
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Biogeochemistry publishes original and synthetic papers dealing with biotic controls on the chemistry of the environment, or with the geochemical control of the structure and function of ecosystems. Cycles are considered, either of individual elements or of specific classes of natural or anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given to coupled interactions of element cycles. The journal spans from the molecular to global scales to elucidate the mechanisms driving patterns in biogeochemical cycles through space and time. Studies on both natural and artificial ecosystems are published when they contribute to a general understanding of biogeochemistry.
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