分解多种农业压力因素对底栖生物和下垫面硝酸盐吸收的影响

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Biogeochemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI:10.1007/s10533-024-01130-6
Julia Pasqualini, Daniel Graeber, Alexander Bartusch, Steffen Kümmel, Zulma Lorena Duran Hernandez, Niculina Musat, Nergui Sunjidmaa, Markus Weitere, Mario Brauns
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引用次数: 0

摘要

农业用地改变了溪流中硝酸盐(NO3-)的吸收动态,但将单个农业胁迫因素与底栖生物和水下吸收联系起来的具体机制仍不清楚。我们利用溪流边中型模拟实验和 15N- 硝酸盐添加物,研究了细沉积物(FS)和增强的光与磷水平(L&P)对底栖生物和下垫面 NO3-吸收率的单独和综合影响。在没有 FS 的情况下,L&P 可刺激自养生物膜和异养生物膜的吸收,使底栖生物和底栖生物膜的 NO3 吸收率分别增加 12 倍和 7 倍。在环境光照和营养条件下,FS 使底栖生物的吸收量减少了 3 倍,但影响并不显著。相反,在底栖区,FS 诱导缺氧条件,可能刺激反硝化作用,导致底栖摄取量增加 14 倍。当这些压力因子结合在一起时,它们在底栖区没有相互作用。相反,在底栖区,它们之间存在拮抗作用,L&P 会降低 FS 引起的摄取量增加。我们的研究结果表明,以前观测到的农田溪流全溪流 NO3 吸收量的增加是由于营养物质和光刺激了底栖生物的吸收,而细沉积物的影响和底栖生物对总吸收量的作用不大。此外,应激源的相互作用随生态系统分区的不同而变化,这一发现要求在多重应激源研究中考虑所有分区及其对整个系统功能的贡献。我们已经开始了解多种相互作用的压力因素是如何影响溪流功能的,但还需要更多的机理证据来区分在人类改变的生态系统中占主导地位的是叠加效应还是非叠加效应。
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Disentangling effects of multiple agricultural stressors on benthic and hyporheic nitrate uptake

Agricultural land use alters nitrate (NO3) uptake dynamics in streams, but the specific mechanisms linking individual agricultural stressors to benthic and hyporheic uptake remain unclear. Using stream-side mesocosms and 15N-nitrate additions, we examined the individual and combined effects of fine sediment (FS) and augmented light and phosphorus levels (L&P) on benthic and hyporheic NO3 uptake rates. In absence of FS, L&P stimulated uptake of autotrophic and heterotrophic biofilms, leading to a 12- and 7-fold increase in the benthic and hyporheic compartments, respectively. Under ambient light and nutrient conditions, FS reduced by 3-fold benthic uptake, but effects were not significant. Conversely, in the hyporheic compartment, FS induced anoxic conditions, likely stimulating denitrification and causing a 14-fold increase in hyporheic uptake. When these stressors were combined, they did not interact in the benthic compartment. Conversely, in the hyporheic compartment they interacted antagonistically, with L&P diminishing the increase in uptake induced by FS. Our results indicate that the previously observed increase of whole-stream NO3 uptake in agricultural streams is attributable to nutrients and light stimulating benthic uptake, while fine sediment effects and the role of the hyporheic compartment to total uptake are modest. Moreover, the finding that stressor interactions vary with ecosystem compartments calls for a consideration of all compartments and their contribution to whole-system functioning in multiple stressor studies. We are beginning to understand how multiple interacting stressors affect stream functioning, but more mechanistic evidence is needed to disentangle whether additive or non-additive effects prevail in human-altered ecosystems.

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来源期刊
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Biogeochemistry publishes original and synthetic papers dealing with biotic controls on the chemistry of the environment, or with the geochemical control of the structure and function of ecosystems. Cycles are considered, either of individual elements or of specific classes of natural or anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given to coupled interactions of element cycles. The journal spans from the molecular to global scales to elucidate the mechanisms driving patterns in biogeochemical cycles through space and time. Studies on both natural and artificial ecosystems are published when they contribute to a general understanding of biogeochemistry.
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