精神分析中的 "人 "的形象

Anup Dhar
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摘要

如果说弗洛伊德为笛卡尔式的人的图景带来了哥白尼式的转向,那么拉康则提供了开普勒式的转向。本文通过研究弗洛伊德-拉康和德勒兹/瓜塔里的作品,得出了无意识的三种含义:(i) 压抑,(ii) 非压抑,(iii) 生产剩余。它用 "它思考"--即无意识思考--取代了笛卡尔式的 "我思故我在";因此,"我思,在我不在的地方 "和 "我在,在我不思的地方"。它展示了精神分析中的人如何从自我反思走向自我转变,即从仔细观察 "存在的镜子 "到 "新的成为的画布";镜子成为重新绘制 "情感图 "的画布,并在人的神秘写字板上重写旧石器时代的脚本。本文以从中世纪精神 "自我修炼 "中获得的启示为基础:本文认为精神分析也是一种更广泛的 "生活-爱 "实践,而不仅仅是医疗化的个人治疗手段。
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Picture of the Human in Psychoanalysis
If Freud engendered the Copernican turn in the Cartesian picture of the person, Lacan offered the Keplerian turn. The paper works through the works of Freud-Lacan and Deleuze/Guattari to arrive at three meanings of the unconscious: (i) repressive, (ii) non-repressive and (iii) productive of surplus. It displaces the Cartesian ›I think, therefore I am‹ with the ›It thinks‹ – i.e. the unconscious thinks; therefore ›I think, where I am not‹ and ›I am, where I think not.‹ It shows how the person in psychoanalysis moves from self-reflection to self-transformation, i.e. from a close look at the ›mirror of being‹ to a ›canvas of a new becoming‹; where the mirror becomes a canvas for redrawing the ›graph of affect‹ and rewriting the palaeolithic script on the person’s Mystic Writing Pad. Building on insights gleaned from a medieval spiritual ›cultivation of self‹: Sahajiya, the paper sees psychoanalysis as also a larger praxis of living-loving, and not a mere means to medicalized individual cure.
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