北方南部泥炭地在环境温度或实验性变暖条件下的微生物丰度和碳利用情况

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Biogeochemistry Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI:10.1007/s10533-024-01129-z
Mark Felice, Cameron M. Blake, Stephen Sebestyen, Jessica L. M. Gutknecht
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有机泥炭土在全球陆地表面积中所占的比例相对较小,但在气候迅速变暖的北纬地区却储存着大量的土壤碳。如果气候变暖改变了初级生产力和分解之间的平衡,那么气候变暖可能会导致由微生物过程驱动的碳损失和全球气候变化的强烈正反馈。为了阐明气候变暖对泥炭碳动态的微生物群落的影响,我们利用微生物脂质分析(δ13C PLFA)对环境温度下和泥炭变暖实验开始前/后(+ 2.25、+ 4.5、+ 6.75 和 + 9 °C)的泥炭样本进行了研究,探讨了各种微生物群落的丰度及其碳来源(即旧碳与最近固定的光合作用物)。这项分析是在明尼苏达州北部一个未排水的腐生泥炭沼泽中深度为 2 米的剖面上进行的。我们发现,在环境条件下,微生物总生物量和单个指示脂丰度按深度分层,并与温度密切相关。然而,在实验性升温条件下,温度对微生物群落的显著统计学影响是零星和不一致的。例如,实验性升温 3 个月后,不同深度的革兰氏阴性细菌指标和 50 厘米深度的革兰氏阳性细菌指标的相对丰度与温度呈显著正相关。但在同一时间点,各深度放线菌指标的相对丰度与温度呈显著负相关。经过 10 个月的升温实验后,所有深度的真菌生物标志物的相对丰度与温度呈正相关,而厌氧菌的绝对丰度在 20-50 厘米深度区间随着温度的升高而下降。在更广泛的微生物群落中没有观察到反应,这可能表明,至少在最初,这些泥炭地的微生物群落结构随泥炭深度变化的驱动力更多的是容重和土壤含水量,而不是温度。或者,缺乏广泛的微生物群落反应可能只是一个滞后期,未来还会有更多变化。那么,在这个生态系统中,微生物对气候变暖的长期响应轨迹可能是在最初的滞后期后直接产生的,也可能是通过泥炭剖面中的其他物理或生物地球化学变化间接产生的。这些初步结果为测量微生物群落和碳循环对气候变暖和二氧化碳升高的长期响应提供了一个重要的基准。
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Microbial abundances and carbon use under ambient temperature or experimental warming in a southern boreal peatland

Organic peat soils occupy relatively little of the global land surface area but store vast amounts of soil carbon in northern latitudes where climate is warming at a rapid pace. Warming may result in strong positive feedbacks of carbon loss and global climate change driven by microbial processes if warming alters the balance between primary productivity and decomposition. To elucidate effects of warming on the microbial communities mediating peat carbon dynamics, we explored the abundance of broad microbial groups and their source of carbon (i.e. old carbon versus more recently fixed photosynthate) using microbial lipid analysis (δ13C PLFA) of peat samples under ambient temperatures and before/after initiation of experimental peat warming (+ 2.25, + 4.5, + 6.75, and + 9 °C). This analysis occurred over a profile to 2 m depth in an undrained, ombrotrophic peat bog in northern Minnesota. We found that the total microbial biomass and individual indicator lipid abundances were stratified by depth and strongly correlated to temperature under ambient conditions. However, under experimental warming, statistically significant effects of temperature on the microbial community were sporadic and inconsistent. For example, 3 months after experimental warming the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacterial indicators across depth combined and > 50 cm depth and Gram-positive bacterial indicators at 20–50 cm depth showed significant positive relationships to temperature. At that same timepoint, however, the relative abundance of Actinobacterial indicators across depth showed a significant negative relationship to temperature. After 10 months of experimental warming, the relative abundance of fungal biomarkers was positively related to temperature in all depths combined, and the absolute abundance of anaerobic bacteria declined with increasing temperature in the 20–50 cm depth interval. The lack of observed response in the broader microbial community may suggest that at least initially, microbial community structure with peat depth in these peatlands is driven more by bulk density and soil water content than temperature. Alternatively, the lack of broad microbial community response may simply represent a lag period, with more change to come in the future. The long-term trajectory of microbial response to warming in this ecosystem then could either be direct, after this initial lag time, or indirect through other physical or biogeochemical changes in the peat profile. These initial results provide an important baseline against which to measure long-term microbial community and carbon-cycling responses to warming and elevated CO2.

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来源期刊
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Biogeochemistry publishes original and synthetic papers dealing with biotic controls on the chemistry of the environment, or with the geochemical control of the structure and function of ecosystems. Cycles are considered, either of individual elements or of specific classes of natural or anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given to coupled interactions of element cycles. The journal spans from the molecular to global scales to elucidate the mechanisms driving patterns in biogeochemical cycles through space and time. Studies on both natural and artificial ecosystems are published when they contribute to a general understanding of biogeochemistry.
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