预防多重抗药性:管理真菌适应性的新见解

IF 4.3 2区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Environmental microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.16614
Agathe Ballu, Claire Ugazio, Clémentine Duplaix, Alicia Noly, Juerg Wullschleger, Stefano F. F. Torriani, Anne Dérédec, Florence Carpentier, Anne-Sophie Walker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

可持续的作物保护对粮食安全至关重要,但由于病原体种群的多样性和不断演变的适应性,这种保护正受到威胁。可以通过剂量变化和活性成分的时空组合最大限度地提高选择压力的多样性来管理抗药性。本研究探讨了与真菌种群抗药性状况相关的操作驱动因素之间的相互作用,以最大限度地提高管理策略的可持续性。我们将实验进化方法应用于三尖杉属真菌(一种具有重要经济价值的小麦病原体)的三个人工种群,每个种群的初始抗性状态都不同。我们的研究结果表明,多样化的选择压力抑制了原始种群和单一抗性频率低的种群的抗性选择。增加作用方式的数量能最有效地延缓抗性的产生,超过杀菌剂数量的增加、基于抗性风险的杀菌剂选择以及杀菌剂接触的时间变化。不过,这种方法有利于进化种群的普遍性。先前存在的多种抗性分离物及其随后在种群中的选择,会推翻管理策略多样性的影响,从而使任何通用排名失效。因此,在可持续抗性管理中,必须特别考虑最初的抗性组成,以应对实际的田间情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Preventing multi-resistance: New insights for managing fungal adaptation

Sustainable crop protection is vital for food security, yet it is under threat due to the adaptation of a diverse and evolving pathogen population. Resistance can be managed by maximising the diversity of selection pressure through dose variation and the spatial and temporal combination of active ingredients. This study explores the interplay between operational drivers for maximising the sustainability of management strategies in relation to the resistance status of fungal populations. We applied an experimental evolution approach to three artificial populations of Zymoseptoria tritici, an economically significant wheat pathogen, each differing in initial resistance status. Our findings reveal that diversified selection pressure curtails the selection of resistance in naïve populations and those with low frequencies of single resistance. Increasing the number of modes of action most effectively delays resistance development, surpassing the increase in the number of fungicides, fungicide choice based on resistance risk, and temporal variation in fungicide exposure. However, this approach favours generalism in the evolved populations. The prior presence of multiple resistant isolates and their subsequent selection in populations override the effects of diversity in management strategies, thereby invalidating any universal ranking. Therefore, the initial resistance composition must be specifically considered in sustainable resistance management to address real-world field situations.

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来源期刊
Environmental microbiology
Environmental microbiology 环境科学-微生物学
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.90%
发文量
427
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Microbiology provides a high profile vehicle for publication of the most innovative, original and rigorous research in the field. The scope of the Journal encompasses the diversity of current research on microbial processes in the environment, microbial communities, interactions and evolution and includes, but is not limited to, the following: the structure, activities and communal behaviour of microbial communities microbial community genetics and evolutionary processes microbial symbioses, microbial interactions and interactions with plants, animals and abiotic factors microbes in the tree of life, microbial diversification and evolution population biology and clonal structure microbial metabolic and structural diversity microbial physiology, growth and survival microbes and surfaces, adhesion and biofouling responses to environmental signals and stress factors modelling and theory development pollution microbiology extremophiles and life in extreme and unusual little-explored habitats element cycles and biogeochemical processes, primary and secondary production microbes in a changing world, microbially-influenced global changes evolution and diversity of archaeal and bacterial viruses new technological developments in microbial ecology and evolution, in particular for the study of activities of microbial communities, non-culturable microorganisms and emerging pathogens
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