印度尼西亚单一制国家背景下的区域自治:对户籍制度、衡量参数和权力下放合理性的评估

Fadiah Hasna, Nadiatul Haq, Nurnisaa Binti, Abdullah Suhaimi, Grida Saktian Laksito
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摘要

印度尼西亚统一国家背景下的区域自治是一种基于宪法基础的现象,特别是 1945 年《宪法》第 18 条第 1 款。本讨论探讨了地区户口制度、衡量地区自治的参数以及支持权力下放的合理性和论据。地区户籍制度由物质、形式和现实三部分组成,提出了有关赋予地区自治权的问题。衡量参数涉及权力配额、监督制度、地区负责人的选拔方法以及地区法规的制定过程,但还需要进一步明确。地区自治的合理性包括效率、政治教育手段、加强政治稳定、政治平等、政治生涯的准备以及发展规划的准确性。支持权力下放的论点强调了防止权力积累、民众参与、政府效率、适应地区特点以及对发展的直接援助。加强地区自治需要监管能力、调整国家法规、地方政治支持、财政资源和人力资源开发。这项研究反映了为了解、评估和加强地区自治制度以支持地区发展和国家稳定所做的努力。
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Regional Autonomy in the Context of the Unitary State of Indonesia: Evaluation of Household Systems, Measurement Parameters, and the Rationality of Decentralization
Regional autonomy in the context of the unitary state of Indonesia is a phenomenon based on constitutional foundations, especially Article 18 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution. This discussion examines the regional household system, parameters for measuring regional autonomy, as well as the rationality and arguments supporting decentralization. The regional household system, consisting of material, formal and real, raises considerations regarding the granting of autonomous rights to regions. The measurement parameters involve authority quotas, supervision systems, methods for selecting regional heads, and the process of making regional regulations, but further clarification is needed. The rationality of regional autonomy includes efficiency, political education instruments, strengthening political stability, political equality, preparation for political careers, and accuracy of development planning. Arguments supporting decentralization highlight the prevention of accumulation of power, popular participation, government efficiency, adaptation to regional specificities, and direct assistance for development. Strengthening regional autonomy requires regulatory capabilities, adjustments to national regulations, local political support, financial resources, and human resource development. This research reflects efforts to understand, evaluate and strengthen regional autonomy systems to support regional development and national stability.
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