父母与青少年组合中的冲动决策、情感体验以及父母的自伤想法和行为史

Ana E. Sheehan, Paula Yoela Salvador, Nadia Bounoua, Naomi Sadeh
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摘要

冲动性决策,尤其是在情绪激动时的冲动性决策,与青少年时期更高的自我伤害想法和行为(SITBs)风险有关。发生在家庭系统中的近端(父母与青少年之间的情感和冲动性)和远端(SITB 家族史)风险因素可能是风险代际传递的相关过程。本研究检验了与 SITBs 风险相关的父母-青少年因素之间的相互依存关系,并探究了父母-青少年的情感状态在多大程度上影响了他们自己(行为者效应)和对方(伙伴效应)的冲动决策,以及这些关系是否会受到父母 SITBs 病史的调节。参与者包括 212 对(106 对)社区父母和他们的青少年,他们完成了与积极和消极情绪状态、冲动性决策和终生 SITBs 史相关的自我报告和行为任务。应用演员-伙伴相互依赖模型(APIM)发现,在有 SITBs 史的家庭中,过去一周中父母的负面情绪越大,青少年的冲动决策越高(估计值 = 0.66,标准误差 = 0.13,p < 0.001)。此外,研究还发现了一个重要的行为者效应,即积极情绪越大,青少年冲动决策越少(估计值 = -0.21,标准误差 = 0.10,p = 0.03),但是,没有发现父母有 SITBs 史的调节效应。本研究的结果揭示了父母与青少年之间情感和冲动性的相互依存关系,以及这些相互作用在已知易患 SITBs 的家庭中的突出程度。
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Impulsive Decision-Making, Affective Experiences, and Parental History of Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors within Parent-Adolescent Dyads

Impulsive decision-making, particularly during states of affective intensity, is associated with greater risk of engagement in self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) during adolescence. The proximal (dyadic parent-adolescent affect and impulsivity) and distal (family history of SITBs) risk factors that occur within the family system could be relevant processes at stake in the intergenerational transmission of risk. The current study tests the interdependence of parent-adolescent factors associated with risk for SITBs and probes the extent to which parent-adolescent affective states influence their own (actor-effects) and each other's (partner-effects) impulsive decision-making, and further whether these relationships are moderated by a parent’s history of SITBs. Participants included 212 (106 dyads) community parents and their adolescents who completed self-report and behavioral tasks related to positive and negative affective states, impulsive decision-making, and lifetime history of SITBs. Application of the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) revealed a partner-effect where greater parent negative affect in the past week was associated with elevated adolescent impulsive decision-making among families with a history of SITBs (Estimate = 0.66, Standard Error = 0.13, p < 0.001). In addition, a significant actor-effect was observed where greater positive affect was associated with decreased impulsive decision-making among adolescents (Estimate = -0.21, Standard Error = 0.10, p = 0.03), however, moderating effects of parent history of SITBs were not detected. Findings from the present study shed light on the interdependence of affect and impulsivity within parent-adolescent dyads, and the extent to which these interactions may be particularly salient for families with known vulnerabilities for SITBs.

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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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