欧盟成员国的军事和国防部门如何适应气候风险?

IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Climate Risk Management Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.crm.2024.100609
Yamani Amakrane, Robbert Biesbroek
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引用次数: 0

摘要

气候变化对军事和国防部门有着直接和间接的影响。例如,直接影响是由于更极端的气候条件对军事基础设施造成破坏,或对执行任务时的作战能力造成影响。间接影响包括全球不稳定和不安全因素的增加,或因气候条件变化导致的人口迁移。气候变化风险通常被视为威胁倍增器。本研究旨在评估欧盟成员国的军事和国防部门如何适应气候变化的影响。我们通过分析欧盟各国的国防和气候政策文件(63 份)以及与国防部公务员的访谈(8 次),绘制并分析了当前的政策行动。我们发现,几乎没有一个国家为其军队制定了具体的气候变化适应计划。虽然一些领先国家在其国防政策文件中提到了气候变化,但它们缺乏具体的政策目标和手段。此外,大多数国家都没有讨论具体的适应措施。法国是一个明显的例外,因为它提供了更详细的政策,但这些政策也处于基础阶段。在各国的气候政策文件中,几乎没有提及军事问题。研究结果表明,欧盟成员国的军事和国防部门对气候变化的影响准备不足,需要采取协调一致的行动,充分有效地缩小适应差距。
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How is the military and defence sector of EU member states adapting to climate risks?

Climate change has direct and indirect consequences for the military and defence sector. Direct impacts are for example the damaging of military infrastructure due to more extreme climatic conditions or the impact on operational capabilities when on missions. Indirect impacts include the increase of global instability and insecurity, or migration due to changing climatic conditions. Climate change risks are often seen as a threat multiplier. Whilst the impacts of climate change on the military and defence sector is gaining attention in both political and scientific realms, the way this sector adapts to these risks is, however, still pretty much unknown.

This research aims to assess how the European Union member states’ military and defence sector are adapting to the impacts of climate change. We map and analyse the current policy actions by analysing the defence and climate policy documents (n = 63) and conducting interviews (n = 8) with civil servants of defence ministries across the EU. We find that almost none of the countries have a concrete climate change adaptation plan for their military. Whilst several frontrunner countries do mention climate change in their defence policy documents, they lack concrete policy goals and instruments. Moreover, concrete adaptation measures are not discussed by most of the countries. France is a notable exemption as it offers more detailed policies, but they too are at the groundwork stage. Hardly any reference to the military was found in the climate policy documents of the countries. The results show that the military and defence sector of the EU member states are not well prepared to the impacts of climate change and that concerted action is needed to close the adaptation gap adequately and effectively.

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来源期刊
Climate Risk Management
Climate Risk Management Earth and Planetary Sciences-Atmospheric Science
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
76
审稿时长
30 weeks
期刊介绍: Climate Risk Management publishes original scientific contributions, state-of-the-art reviews and reports of practical experience on the use of knowledge and information regarding the consequences of climate variability and climate change in decision and policy making on climate change responses from the near- to long-term. The concept of climate risk management refers to activities and methods that are used by individuals, organizations, and institutions to facilitate climate-resilient decision-making. Its objective is to promote sustainable development by maximizing the beneficial impacts of climate change responses and minimizing negative impacts across the full spectrum of geographies and sectors that are potentially affected by the changing climate.
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