接球任务中基于眼头协调的注视策略的特性

Vision Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI:10.3390/vision8020020
Seiji Ono, Yusei Yoshimura, Ryosuke Shinkai, T. Kizuka
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摘要

视觉运动信息在运动控制中起着重要作用。技术娴熟的球类运动员被认为是通过使用有效的视觉搜索策略和眼球及头部运动来获取准确的视觉信息。然而,由于运动经验和专业知识的不同,接球能力和注视动作的差异尚未得到澄清。因此,本研究旨在确定运动员组和新手组在接球任务中基于眼球和头部运动的注视策略的特征。参与者包括垒球和网球运动员以及没有球类运动经验的大学生(新手)。他们使用网球投篮机进行单手接球任务,投篮机放置在参与者前方 9 米处,根据球的轨迹高度设置了两种条件(高条件和低条件)。在完成任务的过程中,我们使用陀螺仪和眼电图(EOG)对参与者的头速和眼速进行了检测。结果表明,垒球组的头部向上速度和眼部向下速度低于网球组和新手组。当头部向上俯仰时,眼球向下的速度是由接球时的前庭-眼球反射(VOR)引起的。因此,这表明熟练球类运动员的头部和眼球运动相对稳定,这可能会导致有效的注视策略。在垒球组中,静止凝视的优势可能是获取球以外的周围视觉信息。
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Properties of Gaze Strategies Based on Eye–Head Coordination in a Ball-Catching Task
Visual motion information plays an important role in the control of movements in sports. Skilled ball players are thought to acquire accurate visual information by using an effective visual search strategy with eye and head movements. However, differences in catching ability and gaze movements due to sports experience and expertise have not been clarified. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of gaze strategies based on eye and head movements during a ball-catching task in athlete and novice groups. Participants were softball and tennis players and college students who were not experienced in ball sports (novice). They performed a one-handed catching task using a tennis ball-shooting machine, which was placed at 9 m in front of the participants, and two conditions were set depending on the height of the ball trajectory (high and low conditions). Their head and eye velocities were detected using a gyroscope and electrooculography (EOG) during the task. Our results showed that the upward head velocity and the downward eye velocity were lower in the softball group than in the tennis and novice groups. When the head was pitched upward, the downward eye velocity was induced from the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) during ball catching. Therefore, it is suggested that skilled ball players have relatively stable head and eye movements, which may lead to an effective gaze strategy. An advantage of the stationary gaze in the softball group could be to acquire visual information about the surroundings other than the ball.
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