Effectiveness and Safety of Pesticides in Protecting Sunflowers from Pests

Abstract

The analysis of the current state and trends in the development of the range of pesticides allowed for use in sunflower crops is presented. Based on the results of studies conducted in three soil-climatic zones of the country, the possibilities are outlined and priorities are determined for improving the range of drugs to protect this crop from the main harmful organisms, the principle of which is an increase in the share of combined and domestic drugs. At the same time, the biological effectiveness of protection measures against certain types of pests, major diseases, and weeds is specified, and the characteristics of the latest developments in methods for controlling residual amounts of a number of active substances of pesticides used in the protection of sunflower are presented. Based on the results of field experiments, it was found that the level of biological efficiency in protecting the main oilseed crop from pests is characterized at present in most cases by indicators close to 80%; that from diseases varies in the range of 60–75%, and that from weeds reaches 90% in combination with a decrease in their raw mass to 95%.