沸腾的烦恼过饱和水对底栖大型无脊椎动物的影响

IF 2.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Ecohydrology Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI:10.1002/eco.2665
Gaute Velle, Trond Einar Isaksen, Robert J. Lennox, Ulrich Pulg
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摘要

水中总溶解气体 (TDG) 的饱和度保持在 100% 左右。某些情况下,TDG 值会超过 100%,从而导致 TDG 过饱和(TDGS)。超过约 110% 的 TDGS 会对依靠水进行气体交换的动物产生毒性。然而,在大坝和水电站下游的淡水中,饱和度可能会超过 200%。尽管 TDGS 会对水生生物,尤其是底栖大型无脊椎动物造成危害,但人们往往忽视了它的影响。本研究旨在考察 TDGS 对九种底栖大型无脊椎动物的影响。我们使用重复的水槽研究,将 TDGS 水平控制在 100% 到 120% 之间,并调查了总体存活率以及特定物种对存活率和浮力的影响。我们还总结了 TDGS 对之前测试过的无脊椎动物物种的影响。结果表明,九种物种中有七种在接触 TDGS 后浮力增加,导致它们浮在水面上。此外,考克斯比例危害模型显示,TDGS 对大型无脊椎动物的存活率有显著影响。不同种类的底栖大型无脊椎动物对 TDGS 的敏感性差异很大,只有 Isoperla grammatica、Baetis rhodani 和 Asellus aquaticus 对特定种类有显著影响。其中,后两个物种显示出 TDGS 造成的明显剂量相关效应,从而可以评估 LT50(杀死一半受测种群所需的时间)。B. rhodani 最敏感,在 119% TDGS 的条件下,LT50 为 3.7 天。这两个物种的外骨骼下都有明显的气泡。我们的研究结果表明,即使气体过饱和度处于中低水平,也会对底栖大型无脊椎动物产生直接和间接影响,可能导致密度降低、物种多样性减少和物种组成改变。新出现的证据有力地支持了在淡水中实施 TDGS 法规。
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Bubbling trouble: Effects of supersaturated water on benthic macroinvertebrates

The saturation of total dissolved gases (TDG) in water remains around 100%. Certain circumstances can lead to TDG values exceeding 100%, resulting in TDG supersaturation (TDGS). TDGS above about 110% can be toxic to animals that rely on water for gas exchange. However, saturation beyond 200% can occur in freshwater downstream of dams and hydroelectric power plants. Despite its impact, TDGS is often overlooked as a hazard to aquatic life, particularly for benthic macroinvertebrates. This study aimed to examine the effects of TDGS on nine species of benthic macroinvertebrates. We used replicated tank studies to manipulate TDGS levels from 100% to 120% and investigated the overall survival and species-specific effects on survival and buoyancy. We also present a summary on the effects of TDGS on invertebrate species previously tested. The results indicate that seven of nine species exhibited increased buoyancy when exposed to TDGS, causing them to float on the water surface. Additionally, a Cox Proportional Hazards model revealed a significant effect of TDGS on the survival of the macroinvertebrates. The sensitivity towards TDGS varied greatly among species of benthic macroinvertebrates, and significant species-specific effects were only observed for Isoperla grammatica, Baetis rhodani and Asellus aquaticus. Among these, the two latter species showed clear dose-related effects caused by TDGS, enabling the assessment of LT50 (time required to kill half of the tested population). B. rhodani was most sensitive with a LT50 of 3.7 days at 119% TDGS. Both species had visible air bubbles under the exoskeleton. Our findings highlight that direct and indirect effects on benthic macroinvertebrates can occur even at low to moderate levels of gas supersaturation, likely causing reduced density, decreased species diversity and altered species composition. The emerging evidence strongly supports the implementation of regulations on TDGS in freshwaters.

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来源期刊
Ecohydrology
Ecohydrology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
116
审稿时长
24 months
期刊介绍: Ecohydrology is an international journal publishing original scientific and review papers that aim to improve understanding of processes at the interface between ecology and hydrology and associated applications related to environmental management. Ecohydrology seeks to increase interdisciplinary insights by placing particular emphasis on interactions and associated feedbacks in both space and time between ecological systems and the hydrological cycle. Research contributions are solicited from disciplines focusing on the physical, ecological, biological, biogeochemical, geomorphological, drainage basin, mathematical and methodological aspects of ecohydrology. Research in both terrestrial and aquatic systems is of interest provided it explicitly links ecological systems and the hydrologic cycle; research such as aquatic ecological, channel engineering, or ecological or hydrological modelling is less appropriate for the journal unless it specifically addresses the criteria above. Manuscripts describing individual case studies are of interest in cases where broader insights are discussed beyond site- and species-specific results.
期刊最新文献
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