射频识别(RFID)系统的先进天线》客座编辑文章

IF 2.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC IEEE journal of radio frequency identification Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI:10.1109/JRFID.2024.3396948
Daniele Inserra;Andrea Michel
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引用次数: 0

摘要

革命性的物联网(IoT)模式及其与工业 4.0 等新应用场景的整合为 RFID 业界带来了新的动力。事实上,射频识别(RFID)技术能以低成本和轻便的设备实现可靠的通信,这是物联网所需的普及型设备的理想功能。然而,商业现货(COTS)解决方案并不能始终应用于某些新兴应用场景,这就需要定制化的读取器和/或标签天线设计。为了收集传统和新型 RFID 应用背景下天线设计研究的最新进展,《电气和电子工程师学会射频识别学报》(IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification)提议出版 "射频识别(RFID)系统的先进天线 "特刊。射频识别(RFID)系统及其性能显然取决于读取器和标签两侧天线的能力,以实现系统在不同环境下的长距离或短距离访问。后者在新的 RFID 标签应用环境中尤为重要,如工业生产过程、车辆环境等,标签被随意地贴在不同的材料上,很多时候是贴在金属表面上,因此天线的设计需要特别小心。此外,RFID-IoT 设备的普及为库存评估带来了新的挑战,需要更远的读取距离和更广的覆盖能力,这显然需要新的读取器/标签天线。因此,本特刊旨在鼓励针对读写器和标签设备的新型 RFID 天线设计方案的研究,以应对这些新的应用场景和新的挑战性要求。Mukherjee 等人从磁耦合谐振高频 (HF) RFID 系统入手,研究了在金属导体近距离存在的情况下 HF RFID 读取性能下降的恼人问题[A1]。出现这一问题的原因是读取器线圈产生的变化磁场在金属表面诱发了涡流,涡流反过来又产生了相反的磁场,从而降低了原始磁场的强度,恶化了读取器与标签之间的通信性能。作者研究了在金属表面附近使用辅助线圈的可能性,以及如何减轻有害的表面电流效应。作者制作了与辅助线圈同位的标签线圈,并将其放置在塑料容器的盖子上(盖子上有铝箔)和信用卡大小的金属片上,对读取范围能力进行了基准测试,结果显示,与没有辅助线圈的情况相比,读取范围几乎增加了一倍,读取性能提高了 44% 以上。
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Guest Editorial on Advanced Antennas for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Systems
The RFID community is enjoying new impetus coming from the revolutionary Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm and its integration with new application scenarios like Industry 4.0. RFID technology, in fact, enables reliable communication at low cost and with lightweight apparatus, desirable features for pervasive devices employment as desired by the IoT. Nonetheless, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) solutions cannot be always employed in some of emerging application scenarios, requiring customized reader and/or tag antenna design. In order to collect the most recent developments in the antenna design research for both legacy and novel RFID application contexts, the IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification proposed the special issue “Advanced Antennas for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Systems”. A RFID system and its performance clearly depend on the antenna ability, both on reader and tag sides, to make the system accessible from short or long distances, and on different environments. The latter is particularly important in the new RFID tag application contexts, e.g., industrial manufacturing processes, vehicular environments, etc., where tags are indifferently applied on heterogeneous materials, many times on metal surfaces, and for this reason the antenna design requires particular care. Moreover, the pervasive diffusion of RFID-IoT devices poses new challenges in inventory assessment, requiring even longer read ranges and wide coverage ability, which clearly translates in new reader/tag antenna requirements. The purpose of this special issue was therefore to encourage the research on novel RFID antenna design solutions for both reader and tag devices to face these new application scenarios and cope with the new challenging requirements. Starting from magnetic coupling resonant high-frequency (HF) RFID systems, Mukherjee et al. consider the annoying problem of HF RFID reading performance deterioration in the presence of metallic conductors in the close vicinity [A1]. This problem arises because of the eddy currents induced on the metal surface by a varying magnetic field generated by the reader coil, which in turn generate an opposite magnetic field that reduces the intensity of the original field, deteriorating the reader-tag communication performance. Authors study the possibility to employ an auxiliary coil in the proximity of the metal surface, and how this mitigates the deleterious surface current effect. Tag coils co-located with the auxiliary coil are fabricated and placed on the cap of a plastic container (where the cap contains an aluminum foil) and on a credit card size metal sheet to benchmark the read range capabilities, showing an almost doubled read range and an improvement of more than 44% if compared with the case no auxiliary coil, respectively.
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