波浪陡度对海雾生成影响的实验室研究

IF 1.9 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2024.101466
Zhanchi Liu , Hongyu Ma , Sheng Chen , Wenzheng Jiang , Dejun Dai , Yuhuan Xue , Fangli Qiao
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海雾的产生对海气相互作用至关重要,然而,在相同风速下,海雾的产生却显示出四个数量级的巨大差异。众所周知,风速会影响海雾的生成,同时还应进一步考虑其他物理过程。人们普遍认为表面波态对海雾生成有重大影响,但尚未得到具体和定量的验证。本研究通过在大型风浪槽中进行一系列受控实验室实验,研究了表面波对海雾生成的影响。在恒定的高风速(U10 = 22 m/s)下,同步引入不同波高和周期的背景机械波以产生海雾,并通过光学粒子计数器记录半径为 1.5 至 25 μm 的海雾。实验结果表明,在相同风速下,不同的波浪陡度对海雾生成函数(SSGF)的影响巨大,可接近两个数量级。然后,提出了一个与风和波浪陡度 u*1/3SCD-1/2 有关的幂律来描述海雾产生率(F)。在过去 30 年中,由风速控制的海雾生成函数(SSGF)已被广泛采用,但面波对海雾生成的影响却受到了高度关注。由于高海况下的海雾观测困难,表层波浪的影响很少被考虑,而且以往的 SSGF 显示出四个数量级的巨大差异。针对这一巨大差异,我们在高风速下进行了一系列不同波浪条件下的风浪槽实验,以研究表面波对 SSGF 的影响。结果表明,波浪陡度是调节 SSGF 的一个重要因素,这为更好地理解海雾的产生及其对海气动量和热通量的影响提供了定量证据。
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A laboratory study of wave steepness effects on sea spray generation

Sea spray generation is vital for air-sea interactions, however, it has been showing large differences of four orders of magnitude under the same wind speed. It is well known that wind speed can affect sea spray generation, and other physical processes should also be further considered. Surface wave states are widely believed to have significant impacts on sea spray generation, however, they have not yet been specifically and quantitatively verified. This study investigated the effects of surface waves on sea spray generation through a series of controlled laboratory experiments in a large wind-wave tank. Background mechanical waves with different wave heights and periods at a constant high wind speed (U10 = 22 m/s) were synchronically introduced to generate sprays, and sprays with radii ranging from 1.5 to 25 μm were recorded by an optical particle counter. The experimental results indicated that different wave steepness has dramatic effects on sea spray generation function (SSGF) under the same wind speed, which can be close to two orders of magnitude. Then, a power law as a function of wind and wave steepness u*1/3SCD1/2was proposed to describe the sea spray production rate (F).

Plain Language Summary

Sea sprays generated by wave breaking exist at the air-sea interface and have significant impacts on the air-sea mass, momentum and heat exchanges, especially under extreme ocean conditions. In the past 30 years, sea spray generation function (SSGF) controlled by wind speed has been widely adopted, although surface wave effects on sea spray generation have received high attention. The impacts of surface waves have rarely been considered due to sea spray observation difficulties at high sea states, and previous SSGFs have shown large differences of four orders of magnitude. Focusing on this tremendous difference, we conducted a series of wind-wave tank experiments under different wave conditions at a high wind speed to investigate the impact of surface waves on the SSGF. Our results showed that wave steepness is an important factor modulating the SSGF, which provides quantitative evidence for better understandings on sea spray generation and hence their influences on air-sea momentum and heat fluxes.

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来源期刊
Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans
Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
5.90%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans is an international journal for research related to the dynamical and physical processes governing atmospheres, oceans and climate. Authors are invited to submit articles, short contributions or scholarly reviews in the following areas: •Dynamic meteorology •Physical oceanography •Geophysical fluid dynamics •Climate variability and climate change •Atmosphere-ocean-biosphere-cryosphere interactions •Prediction and predictability •Scale interactions Papers of theoretical, computational, experimental and observational investigations are invited, particularly those that explore the fundamental nature - or bring together the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary aspects - of dynamical and physical processes at all scales. Papers that explore air-sea interactions and the coupling between atmospheres, oceans, and other components of the climate system are particularly welcome.
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