Juan Yao, Xiaoyan Tan, Yanping Sha, Yurao Chen, Ronghuai Chen, Dongping Shi
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引用次数: 0
摘要
食道癌被认为是全球公共卫生面临的最重大挑战之一。虽然食管癌的治疗方法多种多样,包括化疗、放疗和手术,但有报道称这些药物会产生一些不良反应。因此,应采用新一代的治疗方法来减少并发症。在这方面,免疫疗法是一种新方法,旨在通过靶向肿瘤细胞直接杀死肿瘤细胞。具体来说,单克隆抗体可以靶向食管癌肿瘤细胞的特定标记物,同时保证其他正常细胞的安全。目前已有多种针对食管癌的单克隆抗体,如pembrolizumab、ramucirumab、曲妥珠单抗、nivolumab和ipilimumab。另一方面,食管癌肿瘤细胞表达一种特异性抑制配体及其受体,称为程序性细胞死亡,可抑制 T 细胞免疫反应。这种受体提供抑制信号,导致肿瘤细胞上的 PD-L1 配体表达量最高。这种相互作用的结果导致 T 淋巴细胞的活化和功能受到抑制。因此,针对 PD-1/PD-L1 通路的食管癌免疫疗法与癌症治疗有着显著的相关性。本研究全面综述了与食管癌免疫疗法相关的最新研究成果。
An updated review of immunotherapy in esophageal cancer: PD-L1 footprint.
Esophageal cancer is considered one of the most significant challenges to public health worldwide. While various therapeutic options exist for esophageal cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, several adverse effects of these medications have been reported. Therefore, a new generation of therapeutic lines should be applied to minimize complications. In this regard, immunotherapy is a novel approach that aims to kill tumor cells directly by targeting them. Specifically, monoclonal antibodies can target specific markers of esophageal cancer tumor cells, keeping other normal cells safe. Multiple monoclonal antibodies optimized for esophageal cancer, such as pembrolizumab, ramucirumab, trastuzumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, are available. On the other hand, esophageal cancer tumor cells express a specific inhibitory ligand and its receptor called programmed cell death, which can suppress T cell immune responses. This receptor provides an inhibitory signal, causing the highest expression of the PD-L1 ligand on tumor cells. The outcomes of this interaction lead to the suppression of the activation and function of T lymphocytes. Therefore, immunotherapy for esophageal cancer targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has shown a remarkable correlation with cancer care. This study presents a comprehensive review of the latest findings related to immunotherapy in esophageal cancer.