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Notch signaling pathway-based classification of bladder cancer in relation to tumor immune infiltration 基于 Notch 信号通路的膀胱癌分类与肿瘤免疫浸润的关系
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.134748
Yang Bin, Li Guikang, Huang Jin, Zhang Xue, Wang Ruihan, Zhang Jianchao
Introduction:
The role of the Notch signaling pathway in the development of various tumors has received increasing attention, but the relationship between the Notch signaling pathway and the prognosis of bladder cancer has rarely been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and risk evaluation value of Notch signaling pathway-related genes (NRGs) in bladder cancer.

Material and methods:
The list of genes related to the Notch signaling pathway was obtained from the molecular signature database. The bladder cancer dataset was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Cox regression analysis and Lasso regression analysis were used to construct the characteristics for predicting the overall survival of patients with bladder cancer. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate the infiltration of peripheral immune cells in different risk subgroups.

Results:
NRG expression was remarkably dysregulated in bladder cancer. Next, bladder cancer was classified into two subtypes (C1 and C2) based on NRG expression levels. The two subtypes had a significant difference in prognosis and were closely related to clinical characteristics. Further analysis showed that immune cell infiltration and immune scores were also significantly different between the two subtypes.

Conclusions:
Notch signaling pathway-based bladder cancer typing has different prognoses and may be related to tumor immunity. NRGs can be identified for risk evaluation and help improve clinical decision-making.

导读:Notch信号通路在各种肿瘤发生发展中的作用已受到越来越多的关注,但Notch信号通路与膀胱癌预后的关系却鲜有研究。本研究旨在探讨Notch信号通路相关基因(NRGs)在膀胱癌中的功能和风险评估价值。膀胱癌数据集来自癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)数据库。采用 Cox 回归分析和 Lasso 回归分析构建预测膀胱癌患者总生存期的特征。结果显示:NRG在膀胱癌中的表达明显失调。根据 NRG 的表达水平,膀胱癌被分为两个亚型(C1 和 C2)。这两种亚型的预后差异显著,且与临床特征密切相关。结论:基于Notch信号通路的膀胱癌分型具有不同的预后,可能与肿瘤免疫有关。NRGs可用于风险评估,有助于改善临床决策。
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引用次数: 0
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 promotes inflammatory reactions by activating the nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy 白细胞介素-1 受体相关激酶 2 通过激活糖尿病肾病的核因子卡巴-B 信号通路促进炎症反应
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.134721
Jingjing Liu, Yingying Xu, Shijie Cheng, Chenfang Wang, Zhengyu Zhang
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 (IRAK2) has been implicated in various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the role of IRAK2 in DN progression and its association with inflammation and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. DN model mice were generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. IRAK2 expression was upregulated in the DN model mice. IRAK2 knockdown increased weight and reduced blood glucose levels in DN model mice. In addition, IRAK2 downregulation improved glomerular morphology in DN mice. IRAK2 knockdown reduced the levels of kidney damage biomarkers (24-h urinary protein, urine albumin-creatinine ratio, and plasma creatinine) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, TNF-1R, and TNF-2R). Moreover, IRAK2 activated the NF-κB signaling pathway in DN model mice. Overexpression of NF-κB exacerbated DN progression, and IRAK2 knockdown reversed these effects. IRAK2 promoted DN progression and inflammation by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that IRAK2 is a potential therapeutic target for DN treatment.
糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病的主要并发症。白细胞介素-1受体相关激酶2(IRAK2)与多种疾病有关。本研究旨在探讨IRAK2在DN进展中的作用及其与炎症和核因子-卡巴B(NF-κB)信号通路的关系。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素产生了 DN 模型小鼠。IRAK2在DN模型小鼠中表达上调。敲除 IRAK2 可增加 DN 模型小鼠的体重并降低血糖水平。此外,IRAK2 下调还改善了 DN 模型小鼠的肾小球形态。IRAK2 下调降低了肾损伤生物标志物(24 小时尿蛋白、尿白蛋白-肌酐比值和血浆肌酐)和炎症细胞因子(IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子 [TNF]-α、TNF-1R 和 TNF-2R)的水平。此外,IRAK2 还激活了 DN 模型小鼠的 NF-κB 信号通路。NF-κB的过度表达加剧了DN的进展,而IRAK2的敲除则逆转了这些影响。IRAK2通过激活NF-κB信号通路促进了DN的进展和炎症。这些发现表明,IRAK2是治疗DN的潜在治疗靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of blood sample storage and different types of anticoagulants on results of NK cytotoxicity tests 血样储存和不同类型抗凝剂对 NK 细胞毒性测试结果的影响
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.134360
Katarzyna Popko, Monika Paskudzka, Małgorzata Pieśniewska, Sylwia Dąbrowska, Urszula Demkow, Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel
Introduction:
Natural killer (NK) cells are important players in the human immune response. Impaired NK function may lead to serious, life-threatening conditions. Defects may be consequences of genetic mutations or results of secondary factors such as infections, malignancies and autoimmune diseases. The cytotoxicity test is very useful, but its accessibility is limited to special immunological laboratories. Blood samples are often transported to remote centers, which takes time and requires special conditions. The aim of this study was to compare cytotoxicity assay results between samples preserved with three different anticoagulants to standardize the diagnostic procedure.

Material and methods:
Peripheral blood from healthy donors was taken with three anticoagulants: heparin, K2EDTA and citrate. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and tested directly after blood drawing and after 24-hour storage. Cytotoxic abilities of NK cells were tested in 4 h co-culture with K562. NK cytotoxicity was measured by flow cytometry.

Results:
In most cases of analyzed healthy donors, cytotoxicity results were similar regardless of type of anticoagulant. However, the highest mean values were obtained in samples with citrate. There was a significant decrease in cytotoxicity after 24 hours of storage of the whole blood at ambient temperature. The mean drop in cytotoxicity results was substantial for all anticoagulants: 76% for heparin, 67% for citrate and 70% for EDTA.

Conclusions:
Results of spontaneous NK cytotoxicity seem to be affected by the anticoagulants used for blood protection. Commercial instant cytotoxicity testing and delayed analysis after blood storage gave the highest results in blood with sodium citrate.

导言:自然杀伤(NK)细胞是人体免疫反应中的重要角色。NK 功能受损可能导致严重的危及生命的疾病。缺陷可能是基因突变的结果,也可能是感染、恶性肿瘤和自身免疫性疾病等继发因素的结果。细胞毒性检测非常有用,但仅限于专门的免疫实验室才能使用。血液样本通常要运送到偏远的中心,这需要时间和特殊条件。本研究的目的是比较用三种不同抗凝剂保存的样本的细胞毒性检测结果,以规范诊断程序。抽血后直接分离外周血单核细胞(PBMC),并在储存 24 小时后进行检测。在与 K562 共培养 4 小时后测试 NK 细胞的细胞毒性能力。结果:在大多数被分析的健康献血者中,无论使用哪种抗凝剂,细胞毒性结果都相似。然而,枸橼酸盐样本的平均值最高。全血在环境温度下储存 24 小时后,细胞毒性明显降低。所有抗凝剂的细胞毒性结果平均值都大幅下降:结论:自发性 NK 细胞毒性结果似乎受到用于血液保护的抗凝剂的影响。商业即时细胞毒性测试和血液储存后的延迟分析在使用柠檬酸钠的血液中得到的结果最高。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers: Long-term benefits and protection 医护人员接种 COVID-19 疫苗:长期益处和保护
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.134250
Joanna Szczepanek, Monika Skorupa, Joanna Jarkiewicz-Tretyn, Andrzej Tretyn
Introduction:
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in healthcare workers by analyzing the population’s response to the vaccine after two years, based on anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein S antibody levels. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the impact of basic factors on antibody levels.

Material and methods:
A total of 4,090 healthcare workers were included in the study, and their antibody levels were measured using ELISA to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG). Statistical analysis was conducted to examine the influence of COVID-19 infection, vaccination status, and number of vaccine doses on antibody concentrations.

Results and Conclusion:
The majority of participants (85.1%) received the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, while a smaller percentage chose vector vaccines such as AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson. The incidence of COVID-19 among vaccinated individuals was relatively low for all vaccines, confirming their effectiveness in preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study observed variations in IgG antibody levels within the study population, with only 0.46% of individuals testing negative for the presence of antibodies. The average anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG values showed significant differences across consecutive 3-month periods following infection or vaccination, with a gradual decrease over time. Notably, the most significant changes in antibody levels were observed within the first 6 months (mean values ranged from 3647.11 BAU/ml to 2601.49 BAU/ml). Subsequently, minor fluctuations were observed, with mean antibody values hovering around 2000 BAU/ml. The differences between average anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG values between consecutive 3-month periods from disease onset were statistically significant.

导言:本研究旨在通过分析两年后人群对疫苗的反应(基于抗SARS-CoV-2蛋白S抗体水平),评估COVID-19疫苗接种在医护人员中的长期有效性。此外,该研究还旨在评估基本因素对抗体水平的影响。材料和方法:该研究共纳入了 4,090 名医护人员,并使用 ELISA 检测抗 SARS-CoV-2 免疫球蛋白 G (IgG) 来测量他们的抗体水平。结果与结论:大多数参与者(85.1%)接种了辉瑞/BioNTech 公司的疫苗,小部分人选择了阿斯利康和强生等载体疫苗。在所有疫苗中,COVID-19 在接种者中的发病率都相对较低,这证实了它们在预防无症状 SARS-CoV-2 感染方面的有效性。研究发现,研究人群中的 IgG 抗体水平存在差异,只有 0.46% 的人抗体检测呈阴性。抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 的平均值在感染或接种疫苗后连续 3 个月内有显著差异,随着时间的推移逐渐下降。值得注意的是,前 6 个月的抗体水平变化最为明显(平均值从 3647.11 BAU/ml 到 2601.49 BAU/ml)。随后,抗体水平略有波动,平均值徘徊在 2000 BAU/ml 左右。自发病起连续 3 个月的抗 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 平均值之间的差异具有统计学意义。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of IL-23 inhibitors and IL-12/23 inhibitors in the induction treatment of Crohn’s disease: A meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials IL-23抑制剂和IL-12/23抑制剂在克罗恩病诱导治疗中的疗效:基于随机对照试验的荟萃分析
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.134257
Boyang Gao, Haojie Shentu, Suyong Sha, Dongying Wang, Xi Chen, Zhenwei Huang, Nan Dong, Haijia Lai, Jianying Xu, Xiaoshuai Zhou
Introduction:
A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors in treating Crohn’s disease (CD). This study evaluated the efficacy of IL-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors in the induction phase for the treatment of CD.

Material and methods:
We searched the following databases from inception until December, 2022: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was the proportion of CD patients who achieved clinical remission at the end of the induction therapy period. Secondary outcomes included clinical response, endoscopic remission, endoscopic response and normalized C-reactive protein (CRP).

Results:
After screening, 7 RCTs were included in our study. The meta-analysis showed that, in the induction period, more patients treated with IL-23 inhibitors and IL-12/23 inhibitors achieved clinical remission than patients with placebo therapy (RR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.83-2.44; RR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.64-2.29; respectively). The IL-23 inhibitor group and the IL-12/23 inhibitor group showed higher clinical response rates than the placebo group (RR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.74-2,11; RR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.61-2.09; respectively). In addition, the IL-23 inhibitor group had a higher endoscopic remission rate and endoscopic response rate than the placebo group; the corresponding pooled RRs were 3.40 (95% CI:2.57-4.50) and 2.65 (95% CI: 2.65-3.12), respectively.

Conclusions:
IL-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors were efficient methods in the induction treatment of CD.

简介:越来越多的随机对照试验(RCT)证明了白细胞介素(IL)-23和IL-12/23抑制剂治疗克罗恩病(CD)的有效性。本研究评估了IL-23和IL-12/23抑制剂在诱导期治疗CD的疗效。材料与方法:我们检索了从开始到2022年12月的以下数据库:Medline、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆。主要结果是在诱导治疗期结束时达到临床缓解的 CD 患者比例。次要结果包括临床反应、内镜缓解、内镜反应和正常化C反应蛋白(CRP)。荟萃分析表明,在诱导期,接受IL-23抑制剂和IL-12/23抑制剂治疗的患者比接受安慰剂治疗的患者获得临床缓解的比例更高(RR=2.11,95% CI:1.83-2.44;RR=1.94,95% CI:1.64-2.29;分别为)。IL-23抑制剂组和IL-12/23抑制剂组的临床应答率高于安慰剂组(RR = 1.92,95% CI:1.74-2,11;RR = 1.83,95% CI:1.61-2.09;分别为1.61-2.09)。结论:IL-23和IL-12/23抑制剂是诱导治疗CD的有效方法。
{"title":"Efficacy of IL-23 inhibitors and IL-12/23 inhibitors in the induction treatment of Crohn’s disease: A meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials","authors":"Boyang Gao, Haojie Shentu, Suyong Sha, Dongying Wang, Xi Chen, Zhenwei Huang, Nan Dong, Haijia Lai, Jianying Xu, Xiaoshuai Zhou","doi":"10.5114/ceji.2023.134257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2023.134257","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Introduction:</b><br/>A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors in treating Crohn’s disease (CD). This study evaluated the efficacy of IL-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors in the induction phase for the treatment of CD.<br/><br/><b>Material and methods:</b><br/>We searched the following databases from inception until December, 2022: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was the proportion of CD patients who achieved clinical remission at the end of the induction therapy period. Secondary outcomes included clinical response, endoscopic remission, endoscopic response and normalized C-reactive protein (CRP).<br/><br/><b>Results:</b><br/>After screening, 7 RCTs were included in our study. The meta-analysis showed that, in the induction period, more patients treated with IL-23 inhibitors and IL-12/23 inhibitors achieved clinical remission than patients with placebo therapy (RR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.83-2.44; RR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.64-2.29; respectively). The IL-23 inhibitor group and the IL-12/23 inhibitor group showed higher clinical response rates than the placebo group (RR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.74-2,11; RR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.61-2.09; respectively). In addition, the IL-23 inhibitor group had a higher endoscopic remission rate and endoscopic response rate than the placebo group; the corresponding pooled RRs were 3.40 (95% CI:2.57-4.50) and 2.65 (95% CI: 2.65-3.12), respectively.<br/><br/><b>Conclusions:</b><br/>IL-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors were efficient methods in the induction treatment of CD.<br/><br/>","PeriodicalId":9694,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139923884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The pathogenesis and regulatory role of HIF-1 in rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎的发病机制和 HIF-1 的调节作用
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2023.134217
Han Li, Qi-Yang Wu, Xu-Heng Teng, Zhi-Peng Li, Meng-Ting Zhu, Chao-Jie Gu, Ben-Jia Chen, Qi-Qi Xie, Xin-Jing Luo
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease that involves the overgrowth and inflammation of synovial tissue, leading to the degeneration and impairment of joints. In recent years, numerous studies have shown a close relationship between the hypoxic microenvironment in joints and the occurrence and progression of RA. The main cause of the pathological changes in RA is widely believed to be the abnormal expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in joints. This paper describes and illustrates the structure and primary functions of HIF-1 and explains the main regulatory methods of HIF-1, including the PHDs/HIF-1/pVHL pathway, factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH), regulation of inflammatory cytokines, and the NF-B pathway. Furthermore, this paper discusses the mechanism of HIF-1 and its impact on inflammation, angiogenesis, and cartilage destruction in greater detail. We summarize previous research findings on the mechanism of HIF-1 and propose new potential treatments for RA based on the pathogenesis of HIF-1 in RA.
类风湿性关节炎(RA)是一种常见的自身免疫性疾病,涉及滑膜组织的过度生长和炎症,导致关节退化和功能障碍。近年来,大量研究表明,关节缺氧微环境与 RA 的发生和发展密切相关。缺氧诱导因子-1(hypoxia-inducible factor-1,HIF-1)在关节中的异常表达被广泛认为是导致RA病理变化的主要原因。本文描述并说明了HIF-1的结构和主要功能,并解释了HIF-1的主要调控方法,包括PHDs/HIF-1/pVHL途径、抑制HIF的因子(FIH)、炎症细胞因子的调控以及NF-B途径。此外,本文还更详细地讨论了 HIF-1 的机制及其对炎症、血管生成和软骨破坏的影响。我们总结了以往关于HIF-1机制的研究成果,并根据HIF-1在RA中的发病机制提出了治疗RA的新方法。
{"title":"The pathogenesis and regulatory role of HIF-1 in rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Han Li, Qi-Yang Wu, Xu-Heng Teng, Zhi-Peng Li, Meng-Ting Zhu, Chao-Jie Gu, Ben-Jia Chen, Qi-Qi Xie, Xin-Jing Luo","doi":"10.5114/ceji.2023.134217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2023.134217","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease that involves the overgrowth and inflammation of synovial tissue, leading to the degeneration and impairment of joints. In recent years, numerous studies have shown a close relationship between the hypoxic microenvironment in joints and the occurrence and progression of RA. The main cause of the pathological changes in RA is widely believed to be the abnormal expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in joints. This paper describes and illustrates the structure and primary functions of HIF-1 and explains the main regulatory methods of HIF-1, including the PHDs/HIF-1/pVHL pathway, factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH), regulation of inflammatory cytokines, and the NF-B pathway. Furthermore, this paper discusses the mechanism of HIF-1 and its impact on inflammation, angiogenesis, and cartilage destruction in greater detail. We summarize previous research findings on the mechanism of HIF-1 and propose new potential treatments for RA based on the pathogenesis of HIF-1 in RA.","PeriodicalId":9694,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139910883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A study on the side effects caused by the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: Focus on IgG antibodies and serological biomarkers. 辉瑞/BioNTech COVID-19 疫苗副作用研究:关注 IgG 抗体和血清生物标志物。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2024.136382
Kameran M Ali, Ayad M Ali, Peshnyar M Atta, Kochar I Mahmood, Hassan M Rostam

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that spread swiftly is now a major global public health issue. Vaccines are currently being distributed in an effort to limit the viral transmission and mortality. The aim of the study was monitoring of both safety and efficacy in determining the overall effectiveness of the vaccine and identifying any potential safety concerns.

Material and methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional study employing a validated 13-item structured questionnaire divided into two sections was performed between March 2022 and September 2022. Different post-vaccination side effects (SE) according to symptoms severity in terms of age and sex for participants were reported. Additionally, some pertinent serological assays for participants' post-vaccinations were investigated.

Results: A total of 502 participants (male: 262, female: 240) with comorbidity (healthy: 258, morbid: 244) who received two Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA vaccine doses were included. Importantly, second dose (D2) vaccination was associated with significantly more SE than single dose (D1) vaccination (p < 0.0001). In D1 vaccination injection site pain (ISP) (45%), followed by equal proportions of headache and fever (40%) were the most common vaccine SE, while in D2 vaccination, ISP (66%) and nausea (57%) were reported. In all, 97% (p < 0.0001) of participants were IgG antibody positive at D2 vaccination. Similarly, serum CR protein level was elevated significantly (p < 0.0001) corresponding to the severity of SE between D1 and D2. Significant differences in IgG concentration were found between D1 and D2 vaccination in different gender and age groups (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: In light of the extensive data from this study, it is evident that mRNA vaccines, particularly the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, have proven to be highly safe and effective in mitigating the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

导言迅速蔓延的 SARS-CoV-2 大流行病现已成为一个重大的全球公共卫生问题。目前正在分发疫苗,以限制病毒传播和死亡率。本研究的目的是监测疫苗的安全性和有效性,以确定疫苗的总体效果,并找出任何潜在的安全问题:2022 年 3 月至 2022 年 9 月期间进行了一项回顾性横断面研究,采用了经过验证的 13 项结构式问卷,分为两个部分。根据参与者的年龄和性别,按症状严重程度报告了不同的疫苗接种后副作用(SE)。此外,还对参与者接种疫苗后的一些相关血清学检测进行了调查:共有 502 名参与者(男性:262 人,女性:240 人)患有合并症(健康者:258 人,病态者:244 人),他们接种了两剂辉瑞/BioNTech mRNA 疫苗。重要的是,第二剂(D2)疫苗接种的SE明显高于单剂(D1)疫苗接种(p < 0.0001)。在 D1 接种中,注射部位疼痛(ISP)(45%)是最常见的疫苗 SE,其次是相同比例的头痛和发烧(40%),而在 D2 接种中,ISP(66%)和恶心(57%)是最常见的疫苗 SE。总之,97%(p < 0.0001)的参与者在接种 D2 疫苗时 IgG 抗体呈阳性。同样,血清 CR 蛋白水平也显著升高(p < 0.0001),与 D1 和 D2 接种时 SE 的严重程度相对应。不同性别和年龄组在接种 D1 和 D2 疫苗时的 IgG 浓度存在显著差异(p < 0.0001):从本研究的大量数据来看,mRNA 疫苗,尤其是辉瑞/BioNTech 疫苗,在减轻 SARS-CoV-2 大流行的影响方面被证明是非常安全和有效的。
{"title":"A study on the side effects caused by the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine: Focus on IgG antibodies and serological biomarkers.","authors":"Kameran M Ali, Ayad M Ali, Peshnyar M Atta, Kochar I Mahmood, Hassan M Rostam","doi":"10.5114/ceji.2024.136382","DOIUrl":"10.5114/ceji.2024.136382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic that spread swiftly is now a major global public health issue. Vaccines are currently being distributed in an effort to limit the viral transmission and mortality. The aim of the study was monitoring of both safety and efficacy in determining the overall effectiveness of the vaccine and identifying any potential safety concerns.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective, cross-sectional study employing a validated 13-item structured questionnaire divided into two sections was performed between March 2022 and September 2022. Different post-vaccination side effects (SE) according to symptoms severity in terms of age and sex for participants were reported. Additionally, some pertinent serological assays for participants' post-vaccinations were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 502 participants (male: 262, female: 240) with comorbidity (healthy: 258, morbid: 244) who received two Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA vaccine doses were included. Importantly, second dose (D2) vaccination was associated with significantly more SE than single dose (D1) vaccination (p < 0.0001). In D1 vaccination injection site pain (ISP) (45%), followed by equal proportions of headache and fever (40%) were the most common vaccine SE, while in D2 vaccination, ISP (66%) and nausea (57%) were reported. In all, 97% (p < 0.0001) of participants were IgG antibody positive at D2 vaccination. Similarly, serum CR protein level was elevated significantly (p < 0.0001) corresponding to the severity of SE between D1 and D2. Significant differences in IgG concentration were found between D1 and D2 vaccination in different gender and age groups (p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In light of the extensive data from this study, it is evident that mRNA vaccines, particularly the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, have proven to be highly safe and effective in mitigating the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":9694,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11130982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HLA class II DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 loci in patients with HIV infection and tuberculosis in a Latvian cohort group. 拉脱维亚队列中艾滋病毒感染和肺结核患者的 HLA II 类 DRB1、DQA1 和 DQB1 基因座。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2024.138738
Alena Soha, Inga Azina, Baiba Rozentale, Ksenija Kramicha, Gunta Sture, Oksana Savicka, Galina Titovica

Introduction: Until the COVID-19 pandemic, tuberculosis (TB) was the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, ranking above HIV/AIDS. It is also the key cause of death among people infected with HIV. Tuberculosis incidence in Latvia has decreased by 25% during the last 30 years, but the mortality level of TB remains significant. The HLA class II genes are responsible for antigen presentation and regulation of immune responses, which plays an important role in individual susceptibility to infection disease. Whether or not differential HLA polymorphism contributes to TB with HIV infection and TB without HIV infection in Latvian patients is unknown.

Material and methods: For the detection of HLA class II DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1 alleles a total of 616 subjects were enrolled, including 80 primary active TB (PATB) patients, 168 HIV-1/TB patients, 168 HIV-1 patients and 200 HC individuals.

Results: For immunodeficiency caused by TB, HIV-1 or HIV-1/TB coinfection, alleles DRB1*12:01, 14:01, 16:01, DQA1*01:02, 01:03, 02:01, 06:01, DQB1*03:03, 06:01 are identified as protective, but DRB1*07:01, 11:01, 15:01, DQA1*02:01, 03:01, DQB1*03:01, 05:01 are identified as risk alleles.

Conclusions: The results of our experimental pilot studies demonstrated that HLA class II genes may contribute to the genetic risk of TB and HIV-1/TB co-infection, possibly by reducing the presentation of protective Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens to T-helpers. It is necessary to conduct repetitive, multicentre, and large sample studies in order to draw more scientific conclusions and to confirm the relationship between TB, HIV and HIV-1/TB co-infection susceptibility and gene polymorphisms.

导言:在 COVID-19 大流行之前,结核病(TB)是单一传染源导致死亡的主要原因,高于艾滋病毒/艾滋病。它也是艾滋病毒感染者的主要死因。过去 30 年间,拉脱维亚的结核病发病率下降了 25%,但结核病死亡率仍然很高。HLA 二类基因负责抗原呈递和免疫反应的调节,在个人感染疾病的易感性中起着重要作用。在拉脱维亚患者中,不同的 HLA 多态性是否会导致感染 HIV 的肺结核和未感染 HIV 的肺结核,目前尚不清楚:为检测 HLA II 类 DQA1、DQB1 和 DRB1 等位基因,共招募了 616 名受试者,其中包括 80 名原发性活动性肺结核(PATB)患者、168 名 HIV-1/TB 患者、168 名 HIV-1 患者和 200 名艾滋病毒感染者:结果:对于由肺结核、HIV-1 或 HIV-1/TB 合并感染引起的免疫缺陷,等位基因 DRB1*12:01、14:01、16:01、DQA1*01:02、01:03、02:01、06:01、DQB1*03:03、06:01 被确定为保护性等位基因,但 DRB1*07:01、11:01、15:01、DQA1*02:01、03:01、DQB1*03:01、05:01 被确定为风险等位基因:我们的实验性试点研究结果表明,HLA II 类基因可能会降低结核分枝杆菌抗原对 T 辅助细胞的保护作用,从而导致结核病和 HIV-1/TB 合并感染的遗传风险。有必要进行重复性、多中心和大样本研究,以便得出更科学的结论,并确认结核病、艾滋病毒和艾滋病毒-1/结核病合并感染易感性与基因多态性之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the role of hyperforin in modulating the NF-κB/miR-21 axis in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. 探索高福灵在脓毒症诱导的急性肾损伤中调节NF-κB/miR-21轴的作用
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2024.142413
Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej, Dorota Siwicka, Andrzej Eljaszewicz
{"title":"Exploring the role of hyperforin in modulating the NF-κB/miR-21 axis in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.","authors":"Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej, Dorota Siwicka, Andrzej Eljaszewicz","doi":"10.5114/ceji.2024.142413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceji.2024.142413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9694,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influenza vaccination as a prognostic factor of humoral IgA responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. 流感疫苗接种是 SARS-CoV-2 感染体液 IgA 反应的预后因素。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-17 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2024.135462
Barbara Poniedziałek, Dominika Sikora, Ewelina Hallmann, Lidia Brydak, Piotr Rzymski

There is evidence that influenza vaccination may provide additional benefits by inducing training of innate immunity and increasing humoral responses to heterologous challenges. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies dominate the early phase of the adaptive response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but whether their production may be associated with previous influenza vaccination has not been a subject of any study. This study compared serum SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA responses, measured with Microblot-Array assay, in individuals who experienced COVID-19 (N = 1318) and differed in the status of the seasonal influenza vaccine, age, sex, and disease severity. Influenza-vaccinated individuals had a higher seroprevalence of IgA antibodies against nucleocapsid (anti-NP; by 10.1%), receptor-binding domain of spike protein (anti-RBD; by 11.8%) and the S2 subunit of spike protein (anti-S2; by 6.8%). Multivariate analysis, including age, sex, and COVID-19 severity, confirmed that receiving the influenza vaccine was associated with higher odds of being seropositive for anti-NP (OR, 95% CI = 1.57, 1.2-2.0), anti-RBD (OR, 95% CI = 1.6, 1.3-2.0), and anti-S2 (OR, 95% CI = 1.9, 1.4-2.7), as well as being seropositive for at least one anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody (OR, 95% CI = 1.7, 1.3-2.1) and all three of them (OR, 95% CI = 2.6, 1.7-4.0). Age ≥ 50 years was an additional factor predicting better IgA responses. However, the concentration of particular antibodies in seropositive subjects did not differ in relation to the influenza vaccination status. The study evidenced that influenza vaccination was associated with improved serum IgA levels produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are necessary to assess whether trained immunity is involved in the observed phenomenon.

有证据表明,接种流感疫苗可通过诱导先天性免疫训练和增加对异源挑战的体液反应而带来额外的益处。免疫球蛋白 A (IgA) 抗体在对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的早期适应性反应中占主导地位,但它们的产生是否与以前接种流感疫苗有关还没有任何研究。本研究比较了经历过 COVID-19 的个体(N = 1318)的血清 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 IgA 反应(用微印迹-阵列分析法测量),这些个体在季节性流感疫苗接种情况、年龄、性别和疾病严重程度方面存在差异。接种过流感疫苗的人血清中针对核壳(抗 NP,10.1%)、尖峰蛋白受体结合域(抗 RBD,11.8%)和尖峰蛋白 S2 亚基(抗 S2,6.8%)的 IgA 抗体发生率较高。包括年龄、性别和 COVID-19 严重程度在内的多变量分析证实,接种流感疫苗与抗 NP(OR,95% CI = 1.57,1.2-2.0)、抗 RBD(OR,95% CI = 1.6,1.3-2.0)和抗-S2(OR,95% CI = 1.9,1.4-2.7),以及至少一种抗-SARS-CoV-2 IgA 抗体(OR,95% CI = 1.7,1.3-2.1)和所有三种抗体(OR,95% CI = 2.6,1.7-4.0)的血清阳性。年龄≥ 50 岁是预测较好 IgA 反应的另一个因素。然而,血清阳性受试者中特定抗体的浓度与流感疫苗接种情况并无差异。这项研究证明,接种流感疫苗与提高血清中对 SARS-CoV-2 感染产生的 IgA 水平有关。有必要开展进一步研究,以评估训练有素的免疫力是否与所观察到的现象有关。
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Central European Journal of Immunology
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