复合材料塔式起重机臂的可行性

L Solazzi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究的主要目的是使用复合材料设计塔式起重机的起重臂,并比较这种轻质工艺对整机的影响/性能。研究工作从确定钢材料悬臂的尺寸开始。其中涉及许多不同的负载条件,并假设了不同的标准;这些标准包括:应力安全系数、刚度、动态性能(模态)和屈曲现象(这是最重要的参数)。然后,还对塔式起重机施加了其他非标准载荷条件:移动载荷和臂架(旋转和升降),并采用随时间变化的风力。根据这些载荷条件的结果,设计了一种由拉挤复合材料制成的新型臂架。下一步是设计起重机的其他部件:绳索、对臂、配重、电机等。最后一步涉及新方案的经济可行性。结果表明,用复合材料制造的吊臂重量约为钢制吊臂的 25%,而制造复合材料吊臂的经济收益可在机器运行约一年半的时间内达到平衡,因此建议的解决方案非常值得。
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Feasibility of the tower crane jib made of composite material
The main purpose of this research is to design a jib of a tower crane using composite material and to compare the effects/performance on the whole machine due to this lightweight process. The research starts by sizing the jib with steel material. Many different load conditions were involved and different criteria were assumed; those are: stress safety factor, stiffness, dynamic performance (modal) and buckling phenomenon which is the most important parameter. Then other non-standard load conditions were applied to the tower crane: moving load and jib (rotation and elevating) and adopting wind variable in time. The results of these load conditions were assumed to design a new jib made of pultruded composite material. The next step involves the design of additional elements of the crane: ropes, counter boom, counterweight, electric motor, etc. The last step concerns the economic feasibility of the new solution. The results show that the weight of the jib made by composite material is about 25% of the one made by steel and the economic payout for making the composite arm can be equalized in about a year and a half of machine operation, making the proposed solution very worthwhile.
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