HBV 和 HDV 不同的时空进化景观在很大程度上决定了 HDV 在全球范围内的独特流行特征。

IF 3.6 1区 生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108114
Yibo Ding , Hongbo Guo , Xinfang Hong , Qiudi Li , Zhijiang Miao , Qiuwei Pan , Kuiyang Zheng , Wenshi Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丁型肝炎病毒(HDV)的慢性感染会导致最严重的病毒性肝炎。由于对 HBV 的依赖,HDV 被认为是与 HBV 共同进化和共同迁移的。然而,我们之前发现,自然发生的 HDV/HBV 组合并不总是反映最有效的病毒适应(Wang 等人,2021 年)。此外,HBV 负担沉重的地区并不总是与 HDV 的高流行率相关(如东亚),反之亦然(如中亚)。在此,我们系统地阐明了 HDV 的时空进化景观,以了解 HDV 独特的流行特征。我们发现,HDV 的 MRCA 大约在 13 世纪晚期来自南美洲,主要通过中亚向全球扩散,并在 19 世纪至 20 世纪演化成 8 个基因型。相比之下,HBV 的 MRCA 来自 2.37 万年前的欧洲,主要通过非洲和东亚向全球扩散,在 1100 年前演化成 8 个基因型。当 HDV 出现时,现今所有的 HBV 基因型都已形成,其全球基因型分布在地理上保持稳定。然而,区域化的 HDV 适应了当地的 HBV 基因型和人类血统,促成了 HDV 基因型的全球地理分离。此外,20 世纪后,HDV 感染急剧增加。总之,与 HBV 相比,HDV 表现出独特的时空分布路径。这种独特的进化关系在很大程度上促成了我们今天所观察到的独特流行特征。此外,HDV 感染可能会在全球范围内持续上升,因此迫切需要更多的努力来防治这种疾病。
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The distinct spatiotemporal evolutionary landscape of HBV and HDV largely determines the unique epidemic features of HDV globally

Chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis. Due to the dependence on HBV, HDV was deemed to co-evolve and co-migrate with HBV. However, we previously found that the naturally occurred HDV/HBV combinations do not always reflect the most efficient virological adaptation (Wang et al., 2021). Moreover, regions with heavy HBV burden do not always correlate with high HDV prevalence (e.g., East Asia), and vice versa (e.g., Central Asia). Herein, we systematically elucidated the spatiotemporal evolutionary landscape of HDV to understand the unique epidemic features of HDV. We found that the MRCA of HDV was from South America around the late 13th century, was globally dispersed mainly via Central Asia, and evolved into eight genotypes from the 19th to 20th century. In contrast, the MRCA of HBV was from Europe ∼23.7 thousand years ago (Kya), globally dispersed mainly via Africa and East Asia, and evolved into eight genotypes ∼1100 years ago. When HDV stepped in, all present-day HBV genotypes had already formed and its global genotypic distribution had stayed stable geographically. Nevertheless, regionalized HDV adapted to local HBV genotypes and human lineages, contributing to the global geographical separation of HDV genotypes. Additionally, a sharp increase in HDV infections was observed after the 20th century. In conclusion, HDV exhibited a distinct spatiotemporal distribution path compared with HBV. This unique evolutionary relationship largely fostered the unique epidemic features we observe nowadays. Moreover, HDV infections may continue to ramp up globally, thus more efforts are urgently needed to combat this disease.

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来源期刊
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
7.30%
发文量
249
审稿时长
7.5 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is dedicated to bringing Darwin''s dream within grasp - to "have fairly true genealogical trees of each great kingdom of Nature." The journal provides a forum for molecular studies that advance our understanding of phylogeny and evolution, further the development of phylogenetically more accurate taxonomic classifications, and ultimately bring a unified classification for all the ramifying lines of life. Phylogeographic studies will be considered for publication if they offer EXCEPTIONAL theoretical or empirical advances.
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