Unveiling the effect of electron beam shock on the microstructure and wear resistance of Cr12MoV steel

Enhancing wear resistance is the core factor that prolonged the life of the Cr12MoV mold and elevates the quality of the components produced. Hence, Cr12MoV mold steel was shocked by scanning electron beam (SEB) to improve wear resistance. Results revealed that the segregation eutectic carbides in the surface structure of Cr12MoV steel were dissolved during the shock process of various beam electron beams, and the small particles of carbides produced are helpful in reducing wear. With an energy density of 20 J/mm², surface roughness of Cr12MoV steel decreases from 2.9 μm to 1.2 μm, the friction coefficient decreases from 0.85 to 0.52. Additionally, the wear capacity also decreases from 0.036 mm³ to 0.011 mm³, and surface wear resistance increases by over 3 times. Grain refinement-induced surface hardening is the primary cause underlying performance improvement. This study provides ideas for improving the surface quality of Cr12MoV steel.