加拿大种族人口接触化学品情况分析:基于加拿大健康措施调查的一项研究

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114406
Subramanian Karthikeyan, Tyler Pollock, Mike Walker, Cheryl Khoury, Annie St-Amand
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管按种族身份划分的环境化学品暴露存在差异,但还没有一项加拿大研究系统地评估了使用具有全国代表性的数据集来检查按种族划分的化学品浓度差异的可行性。我们利用加拿大健康措施调查(CHMS)收集的生物监测数据,评估了分析种族人群(包括有色人种和土著人群)化学物质暴露的可行性和限制因素。我们的主要目标是评估以下能力:1)按年龄或性别生成种族人群化学物质浓度的几何平均数和百分位数;2)统计比较种族人群之间的浓度;3)计算按种族划分的浓度时间趋势。我们对以下几种重点化学品进行了分析:铅、镉、苯、双酚 A (BPA) 和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯 (DEHP)。调查参与者自我认同为以下人群之一:白人、黑人、东亚和东南亚人、南亚人、中东人、拉丁美洲人、原住民、梅蒂斯人和因纽特人。对 CHMS 的单个周期和合并周期进行了分析。使用最近一次测量每种化学品的 CHMS 周期的数据,我们发现样本量足以报告除因努伊特人以外的所有种族的几何平均浓度。由于样本量较小,考虑到隐私问题,在本分析中无法一致地报告所有种族人群的第 5 百分位数和第 95 百分位数浓度。虽然我们能够对不同种族人群的浓度进行统计比较,但由于单个 CHMS 周期的统计自由度有限,因此分析受到了限制。通过合并多个周期的数据,这两个限制因素都得到了缓解。对时间趋势的分析较少受到隐私和统计方面的限制;我们能够计算出所有种族人群的化学物质浓度的时间趋势。我们的研究结果为后续调查 CHMS 中环境化学暴露和种族的描述性分析和病因分析提供了重要的基础。
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Analysis of chemical exposures in racial populations in Canada: An investigation based on the Canadian health measures survey

Despite demonstrated disparities in environmental chemical exposures by racial identity, no Canadian study has systematically assessed the feasibility of using a nationally representative dataset to examine differences in chemical concentrations by race. We assessed the feasibility and constraints of analysing chemical exposures in racial populations, including visible minorities and populations of Indigenous identity, using biomonitoring data collected through the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS). Our primary objectives were to assess the ability to 1) generate geometric means and percentiles of chemical concentrations for racial populations by age or sex, 2) statistically compare concentrations among racial populations, and 3) calculate time trends of concentrations by race. We conducted these analyses for several priority chemicals: lead, cadmium, benzene, bisphenol A (BPA), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Survey participants self-identified as one of the following: White, Black, East and Southeast Asian, South Asian, Middle Eastern, Latin American, First Nations, Metis, and Inuit. Analyses were conducted for individual and combined cycles of the CHMS. Using data from the latest CHMS cycle in which each chemical was measured, we observed that sample sizes were sufficient to report geometric mean concentrations for all races except Inuit. Due to privacy considerations associated with small sample sizes, the 5th and 95th percentile concentrations could not be consistently reported for all racial populations in this analysis. While we were able to statistically compare concentrations among racial populations, the analysis was constrained by the limited number of statistical degrees of freedom available in a single CHMS cycle. Both of these constraints were alleviated by combining multiple cycles of data. The analysis of time trends was less subject to privacy and statistical limitations; we were able to calculate time trends of chemical concentrations for all racial populations. Our findings provide an important baseline for follow-up investigations of descriptive and etiological analyses of environmental chemical exposures and race in the CHMS.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
151
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.
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