"查伦兹的奈里之地与象征主义小说中的城市诗学"

Albert Makaryan, Thomas Charles Toghramadjian
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摘要

本文在象征主义传统的背景下研究了诗人叶吉谢-查伦茨的唯一一部小说《奈里之地》。尽管恰伦奇最早的作品(1912-1917 年)被认为可能是亚美尼亚诗歌中最纯粹的象征主义美学表达,但人们普遍认为,恰伦奇在创作这部小说时已果断摒弃了他早期的艺术手法。本研究的结论是,《奈里之地》展现了象征主义散文的某些特征,即在多层次的多义性论述下隐藏着一种隐秘的启示,并部分地通过作者对读者的直接称呼来传达。奈里的土地》的叙事结构和象征框架与安德烈-别利的《彼得堡》的叙事结构和象征框架尤其相似,别利的诗歌对恰伦奇的早期创作产生了明显的影响。两位作者都创造了一种与城市物质景观重叠的精神地形,给人的印象是城市在追求其自身的模糊目的,对其天真无邪的居民(包括叙述者本人)施加致命的虚幻力量。虽然不应夸大查尔瓦奇对贝利的感激之情,但两部小说之间的相似之处为重新解读《奈里之地》提供了一个切入点,使之成为查尔瓦奇早期象征主义倾向的延续而非否定。
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“CHARENTS’ LAND OF NAIRI AND THE POETICS OF THE CITY IN THE SYMBOLIST NOVEL”
This article examines Land of Nairi, the only novel of the poet Yeghishe Charents, in the context of the Symbolist tradition. Although Charents’ earliest work (1912-1917) is considered perhaps the purest expression of Symbolist aesthetics in Armenian poetry, it has generally been accepted that Charents had decisively rejected his early artistic approach by the time of the novel’s composition. This study concludes that Land of Nairi exhibits certain hallmarks of Symbolist prose, namely a recondite revelation concealed under layers of multigeneric discourse and communicated in part by direct address from author to reader. Especially striking parallels exist between the narrative texture and symbolic framework of Land of Nairi and those of Petersburg by Andrei Bely, whose poetry exerted a discernible influence on Charents’s early work. Both authors create a spiritual topography overlapping the physical urban landscape, creating the impression that the city pursues obscure ends of its own, exerting a fatal and illusory power over its naïve inhabitants, including the narrators themselves. While Charents’s indebtedness to Bely should not be overstated, the resemblance between the two novels provides an entry point for reinterpretation of Land of Nairi as a continuation, rather than a rejection, of Charents’s early Symbolist tendencies.
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