各种体育锻炼对患有抑郁症的老年人健康结果的影响:对照试验的系统回顾和元分析

IF 4.7 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Depression and Anxiety Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI:10.1155/2024/9363464
Samaher Alowaydhah, Ishanka Weerasekara, Sarah Walmsley, Jodie Marquez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的。老年人的数量和伴随的健康问题不断增加。在这一人群中,最普遍的心理健康问题之一就是抑郁症。人们普遍认为体育锻炼(PE)是减轻包括抑郁症在内的老龄化带来的相关健康负担的一种方法;然而,关于特定类型的锻炼对一系列健康结果的有效性,目前还没有经过整理的证据。针对这一问题,我们进行了一项系统性研究,以评估运动对这一特定亚群体的益处。研究方法我们使用电子方式搜索了五个数据库,检索了针对 65 岁以上患有抑郁症的成年人进行的对照研究,这些研究调查了与任何类型的体育锻炼相关的健康结果。在可能的情况下,对数据进行了荟萃分析或其他叙述性报告。结果与讨论。15 项研究被纳入综述。所有 15 项研究都有数据可供进行荟萃分析,但运动类型和结果测量的异质性限制了荟萃分析的进行。将所有运动类型的数据汇总后发现,抑郁(SMD = 0.52;CI = 0.07,0.97;P = 0.02)、身体健康和功能(SMD = 0.44,CI = 0.14,0.74;P = 0.004)、焦虑(SMD = 0.23;CI = 0.04,0.42;P = 0.02)和自我效能(SMD = 0.97;CI = 0.32,1.61;P = 0.003)均有显著改善。当根据运动类型汇总数据时,有氧运动对抑郁(SMD = 0.49;CI = -0.16,0.8;P = 0.003)、太极拳/气功对抑郁(SMD = 0.89;CI = -0.14,1.63;P = 0.02)和自我效能(SMD = 6.70; CI = -0.90, 12.50; p = 0.02)和多组分运动对身体功能(SMD = 0.49; CI = 0.12, 0.87; p = 0.009)和生活质量的身体健康部分(SMD = 0.88; CI = 0.10, 1.65; p = 0.03)有积极影响。两项加强锻炼研究的综合结果均未显示出与健康相关的益处。结论运动类型、剂量和结果缺乏一致性,这给证据带来了挑战。总的来说,运动对一系列健康相关变量都有益处。多成分运动、有氧运动和太极拳似乎最有可能使抑郁的老年人受益;但是,受益的类型取决于运动的类型,在推荐运动方式时应加以考虑。本试验的注册号为 CRD42020173465。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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The Effects of Various Types of Physical Exercise on Health Outcomes in Older Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials

Background and Purpose. The number of older adults and the occurrence of concomitant health issues continue to grow. One of the most prevalent mental health issues in this population is depression. Physical exercise (PE) is widely acknowledged as a method to alleviate the associated health burdens of aging, including depression; however, there is no collated evidence regarding the effectiveness of specific types of exercise on a range of health outcomes. To address this, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate exercise benefits for this specific subgroup. Methods. An electronic search of five databases was used to retrieve controlled studies investigating health-related outcomes associated with any type of PE, in adults over 65 years with depression. Where possible, data were analyzed in meta-analyses or else reported narratively. Results and Discussion. Fifteen studies were included in the review. All 15 studies had data available for meta-analysis, yet heterogeneity in exercise types and outcome measures limited synthesis. When data for all types of exercise were pooled together, significant improvements were found in depression (SMD = 0.52; CI = 0.07, 0.97; p = 0.02), physical health and function (SMD = 0.44, CI = 0.14, 0.74; p = 0.004), anxiety (SMD = 0.23; CI = 0.04, 0.42; p = 0.02), and self-efficacy (SMD = 0.97; CI = 0.32, 1.61; p = 0.003). When data were pooled according to exercise type, positive effects were demonstrated for aerobic exercise on depression (SMD = 0.49; CI = −0.16, 0.8; p = 0.003), tai chi/qigong on depression (SMD = 0.89; CI = −0.14, 1.63; p = 0.02), and self-efficacy (SMD = 6.70; CI = −0.90, 12.50; p = 0.02) and multicomponent exercise demonstrated positive effects on physical function (SMD = 0.49; CI = 0.12, 0.87; p = 0.009) and the physical health component of quality of life (SMD = 0.88; CI = 0.10, 1.65; p = 0.03). No health-related benefits were revealed from the combined findings of the two studies investigating strengthening exercises. Conclusion. Lack of consistency regarding exercise types, dosage, and outcomes presents challenges in the evidence. In general, exercise is beneficial across a range of health-related variables. Multicomponent, aerobic, and tai chi forms of exercise appear most likely to reap benefits in depressed older adults; however, the type of benefit is determined by the type of exercise and should be considered when recommending a regime. This trial is registered with CRD42020173465.

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来源期刊
Depression and Anxiety
Depression and Anxiety 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
15.00
自引率
1.40%
发文量
81
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Depression and Anxiety is a scientific journal that focuses on the study of mood and anxiety disorders, as well as related phenomena in humans. The journal is dedicated to publishing high-quality research and review articles that contribute to the understanding and treatment of these conditions. The journal places a particular emphasis on articles that contribute to the clinical evaluation and care of individuals affected by mood and anxiety disorders. It prioritizes the publication of treatment-related research and review papers, as well as those that present novel findings that can directly impact clinical practice. The journal's goal is to advance the field by disseminating knowledge that can lead to better diagnosis, treatment, and management of these disorders, ultimately improving the quality of life for those who suffer from them.
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