{"title":"银桦蔗糖分化过程中 CWINV 和 SUS 基因对蔗糖利用的影响","authors":"Yulia Leonidovna Moshchenskaya, Natalia Alekseevna Galibina, Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Serkova, Tatyana Vladimirovna Tarelkina, Ksenia Michailovna Nikerova, Maksim Anatol'evich Korzhenevsky, Irina Nikolaevna Sofronova, Ludmila Igorevna Semenova","doi":"10.2174/0109298665309207240621094227","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mechanisms that control the accumulation of woody biomass are of great interest to the study. Invertase and sucrose synthase are enzymes that are vital for distributing carbon in various biosynthetic pathways. Karelian birch (<i>Betula pendula</i> var. <i>carelica</i>) is a form of silver birch (<i>B. pendula</i> Roth) and is characterized by disruption of the differentiation of cambium derivatives towards both the xylem and phloem, which leads to a change in the proportion of the conducting tissues' structural elements and the figured wood formation. We researched the expression profiles of genes encoding sucrose-cleaving enzymes (<i>CWINV</i> and <i>SUS</i> gene families) and genes encoding CVIF protein, which is responsible for the post-translational regulation of the cell wall invertase activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In our study, 16-year-old common silver birch (<i>Betula pendula</i> var. <i>pendula</i>) and Karelian birch were used for sampling non-figured and figured trunk section tissues, respectively. Samples were selected for the research based on the radial vector: non-conductive, conductive phloem, cambial zone - differentiating xylem - mature xylem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The enzyme's activity was investigated by biochemical methods. RT-PCR method was used to determine the level of gene expression. Anatomical and morphological methods were used to determine the stage of differentiation of xylem cambial derivatives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research revealed a shift in the composition of xylem components in figured Karelian birch, characterized by increased parenchymatization and reduced vessel quantity. In all studied trunk tissues of Karelian birch, compared with common silver birch, an increase in the expression of the <i>CWINV</i> gene family and the <i>SUS3</i> gene and a decrease in the expression of SUS4 were shown.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, the increase in parenchymatization in figured Karelian birch is linked to a shift in sucrose metabolism towards the apoplastic pathway, indicated by a higher cell wall invertase activity and gene expression. The expression of the <i>SUS4</i> gene correlates with the decrease in xylem increments and vessel proportion. The research findings will enhance our understanding of how sucrose breaking enzymes regulate secondary growth in woody plants and aid in developing practical timber cultivation methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":20736,"journal":{"name":"Protein and Peptide Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Participation of <i>CWINV</i> and <i>SUS</i> Genes in Sucrose Utilization in the Disruption of Cambium Derivatives Differentiation of Silver Birch.\",\"authors\":\"Yulia Leonidovna Moshchenskaya, Natalia Alekseevna Galibina, Aleksandra Aleksandrovna Serkova, Tatyana Vladimirovna Tarelkina, Ksenia Michailovna Nikerova, Maksim Anatol'evich Korzhenevsky, Irina Nikolaevna Sofronova, Ludmila Igorevna Semenova\",\"doi\":\"10.2174/0109298665309207240621094227\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mechanisms that control the accumulation of woody biomass are of great interest to the study. Invertase and sucrose synthase are enzymes that are vital for distributing carbon in various biosynthetic pathways. Karelian birch (<i>Betula pendula</i> var. <i>carelica</i>) is a form of silver birch (<i>B. pendula</i> Roth) and is characterized by disruption of the differentiation of cambium derivatives towards both the xylem and phloem, which leads to a change in the proportion of the conducting tissues' structural elements and the figured wood formation. We researched the expression profiles of genes encoding sucrose-cleaving enzymes (<i>CWINV</i> and <i>SUS</i> gene families) and genes encoding CVIF protein, which is responsible for the post-translational regulation of the cell wall invertase activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In our study, 16-year-old common silver birch (<i>Betula pendula</i> var. <i>pendula</i>) and Karelian birch were used for sampling non-figured and figured trunk section tissues, respectively. Samples were selected for the research based on the radial vector: non-conductive, conductive phloem, cambial zone - differentiating xylem - mature xylem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The enzyme's activity was investigated by biochemical methods. RT-PCR method was used to determine the level of gene expression. Anatomical and morphological methods were used to determine the stage of differentiation of xylem cambial derivatives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research revealed a shift in the composition of xylem components in figured Karelian birch, characterized by increased parenchymatization and reduced vessel quantity. In all studied trunk tissues of Karelian birch, compared with common silver birch, an increase in the expression of the <i>CWINV</i> gene family and the <i>SUS3</i> gene and a decrease in the expression of SUS4 were shown.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, the increase in parenchymatization in figured Karelian birch is linked to a shift in sucrose metabolism towards the apoplastic pathway, indicated by a higher cell wall invertase activity and gene expression. The expression of the <i>SUS4</i> gene correlates with the decrease in xylem increments and vessel proportion. The research findings will enhance our understanding of how sucrose breaking enzymes regulate secondary growth in woody plants and aid in developing practical timber cultivation methods.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20736,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Protein and Peptide Letters\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Protein and Peptide Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665309207240621094227\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Protein and Peptide Letters","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0109298665309207240621094227","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Participation of CWINV and SUS Genes in Sucrose Utilization in the Disruption of Cambium Derivatives Differentiation of Silver Birch.
Background: The mechanisms that control the accumulation of woody biomass are of great interest to the study. Invertase and sucrose synthase are enzymes that are vital for distributing carbon in various biosynthetic pathways. Karelian birch (Betula pendula var. carelica) is a form of silver birch (B. pendula Roth) and is characterized by disruption of the differentiation of cambium derivatives towards both the xylem and phloem, which leads to a change in the proportion of the conducting tissues' structural elements and the figured wood formation. We researched the expression profiles of genes encoding sucrose-cleaving enzymes (CWINV and SUS gene families) and genes encoding CVIF protein, which is responsible for the post-translational regulation of the cell wall invertase activity.
Objective: In our study, 16-year-old common silver birch (Betula pendula var. pendula) and Karelian birch were used for sampling non-figured and figured trunk section tissues, respectively. Samples were selected for the research based on the radial vector: non-conductive, conductive phloem, cambial zone - differentiating xylem - mature xylem.
Methods: The enzyme's activity was investigated by biochemical methods. RT-PCR method was used to determine the level of gene expression. Anatomical and morphological methods were used to determine the stage of differentiation of xylem cambial derivatives.
Results: Our research revealed a shift in the composition of xylem components in figured Karelian birch, characterized by increased parenchymatization and reduced vessel quantity. In all studied trunk tissues of Karelian birch, compared with common silver birch, an increase in the expression of the CWINV gene family and the SUS3 gene and a decrease in the expression of SUS4 were shown.
Conclusion: Therefore, the increase in parenchymatization in figured Karelian birch is linked to a shift in sucrose metabolism towards the apoplastic pathway, indicated by a higher cell wall invertase activity and gene expression. The expression of the SUS4 gene correlates with the decrease in xylem increments and vessel proportion. The research findings will enhance our understanding of how sucrose breaking enzymes regulate secondary growth in woody plants and aid in developing practical timber cultivation methods.
期刊介绍:
Protein & Peptide Letters publishes letters, original research papers, mini-reviews and guest edited issues in all important aspects of protein and peptide research, including structural studies, advances in recombinant expression, function, synthesis, enzymology, immunology, molecular modeling, and drug design. Manuscripts must have a significant element of novelty, timeliness and urgency that merit rapid publication. Reports of crystallization and preliminary structure determination of biologically important proteins are considered only if they include significant new approaches or deal with proteins of immediate importance, and preliminary structure determinations of biologically important proteins. Purely theoretical/review papers should provide new insight into the principles of protein/peptide structure and function. Manuscripts describing computational work should include some experimental data to provide confirmation of the results of calculations.
Protein & Peptide Letters focuses on:
Structure Studies
Advances in Recombinant Expression
Drug Design
Chemical Synthesis
Function
Pharmacology
Enzymology
Conformational Analysis
Immunology
Biotechnology
Protein Engineering
Protein Folding
Sequencing
Molecular Recognition
Purification and Analysis